Managing the Concealable Stigma of Criminal Justice System Involvement: A Longitudinal Examination of Anticipated Stigma, Social Withdrawal, and Post-Release Adjustment.
Managing the Concealable Stigma of Criminal Justice System Involvement: A Longitudinal Examination of Anticipated Stigma, Social Withdrawal, and Post-Release Adjustment.
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DOI：
10.1111/josi.12219
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发表时间：
2017-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tangney JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moore KE;Tangney JP
有隐藏污名的人，比如有犯罪记录的人，通常会预料到其他人的污名。预期的耻辱被认为会导致在可能存在歧视的情况下退出，然后对行为和功能产生负面影响。这可能会对罪犯重新进入社区产生影响，可能会阻碍社区融合，并鼓励服刑后的不良适应行为。本文以197名男性囚犯为样本，检验了一个理论模型，在该模型中，监狱服刑期间的预期污名通过社会退缩预测出狱一年后的行为结果(即累犯、药物使用障碍症状、心理健康症状、社区适应)。服刑期间预期的污名预示着服刑三个月后的社交退缩，这预示着服刑一年后会有更多的心理健康问题。耻辱抵抗和乐观情绪缓冲了预期耻辱对社会退缩的影响。种族缓和了模型中的多条路径，这表明预期的污名、社交退缩和适应之间的关系对于白人罪犯来说更加明显。
People with concealable stigmatized identities, such as a criminal record, often anticipate stigma from others. Anticipated stigma is thought to cause withdrawal from situations in which there is the potential for discrimination, which then negatively impacts behavior and functioning. This may have implications for offenders reentering the community, possibly hindering community integration and encouraging maladaptive behavior postrelease. Drawing upon a sample of 197 male jail inmates, we examine a theoretical model in which anticipated stigma during incarceration predicts behavioral outcomes 1 year after release from jail (i.e., recidivism, substance use disorder symptoms, mental health symptoms, community adjustment) through social withdrawal. Anticipated stigma during incarceration predicted social withdrawal three months postrelease, which then predicted more mental health problems 1 year postrelease. Stigma resistance and optimism buffered the effect of anticipated stigma on social withdrawal. Race moderated multiple paths in the model, suggesting that the relations between anticipated stigma, social withdrawal, and adjustment are more pronounced for White offenders.
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