The role of carrion supply in the abundance of deep-water fish off California.
The role of carrion supply in the abundance of deep-water fish off California.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0049332
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Smith KL Jr
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Drazen JC;Bailey DM;Ruhl HA;Smith KL Jr
很少有深海系统的时间序列可以用来评估影响深海鱼类种群的因素。先前的分析显示，北太平洋东部的弹兵数量增加，比底栖大型动物（主要是棘皮动物）的数量落后9-20个月。随后的饮食研究表明，腐肉是掷弹兵最重要的食物。我们的目标是评估腐肉供应的变化是否会导致掷弹兵数量的时间变化。我们分析了一个独特的17年深海掷弹兵丰度和大小的时间序列，该序列收集于M站（加利福尼亚州Pt. Conception离岸220公里，4100米），并重申了丰度的增加，也显示了平均大小的增加，导致掷弹兵生物量变化了6倍。我们将这一数据与被掷弹兵当作腐肉吃掉的海面活浮游生物（太平洋鳕和青花鱼）的丰度估计进行了比较。研究发现，太平洋鳕（而非杰克鲭鱼）与掷弹兵之间存在显著的正相关。黑鲈季节性地迁徙到加利福尼亚近海水域产卵。它们是该地区最丰富的物种，也是西海岸最大的商业渔业的目标。当使用m站100 nmi范围内的黑鱼丰度指标时，与黑鱼丰度的相关性最强。在整个加利福尼亚洋流区域，黑鱼丰度与黑鱼生物量之间没有显著的相关性。考虑到这些结果和掷弹兵的寿命，迁徙可能是造成这些结果的原因，而在了解深海掷弹兵种群的动态方面，黑鳕产卵的地点可能比产卵种群的大小更重要。我们的结果表明，一些深海鱼类的种群动态是由大颗粒腐肉的通量控制的。影响上层海洋鱼类资源的气候和捕捞压力可以很容易地调节深海鱼类动态。
Few time series of deep-sea systems exist from which the factors affecting abyssal fish populations can be evaluated. Previous analysis showed an increase in grenadier abundance, in the eastern North Pacific, which lagged epibenthic megafaunal abundance, mostly echinoderms, by 9–20 months. Subsequent diet studies suggested that carrion is the grenadier's most important food. Our goal was to evaluate if changes in carrion supply might drive the temporal changes in grenadier abundance. We analyzed a unique 17 year time series of abyssal grenadier abundance and size, collected at Station M (4100 m, 220 km offshore of Pt. Conception, California), and reaffirmed the increase in abundance and also showed an increase in mean size resulting in a ∼6 fold change in grenadier biomass. We compared this data with abundance estimates for surface living nekton (pacific hake and jack mackerel) eaten by the grenadiers as carrion. A significant positive correlation between Pacific hake (but not jack mackerel) and grenadiers was found. Hake seasonally migrate to the waters offshore of California to spawn. They are the most abundant nekton species in the region and the target of the largest commercial fishery off the west coast. The correlation to grenadier abundance was strongest when using hake abundance metrics from the area within 100 nmi of Station M. No significant correlation between grenadier abundance and hake biomass for the entire California current region was found. Given the results and grenadier longevity, migration is likely responsible for the results and the location of hake spawning probably is more important than the size of the spawning stock in understanding the dynamics of abyssal grenadier populations. Our results suggest that some abyssal fishes' population dynamics are controlled by the flux of large particles of carrion. Climate and fishing pressures affecting epipelagic fish stocks could readily modulate deep-sea fish dynamics.
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作者：
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DOI：
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2009.0098
发表时间：
2009-06-07
影响因子：
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