Real-time evolution of new genes by innovation, amplification, and divergence.

Real-time evolution of new genes by innovation, amplification, and divergence.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.1226521
复制
发表时间:
2012-10-19
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Andersson DI
Andersson DI
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Näsvall J;Sun L;Roth JR;Andersson DI

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基因复制允许具有新功能的基因进化。在这里,我们描述了创新-放大-分化(IAD)模型,在该模型中,新功能出现在复制之前,功能不同的新基因在连续选择下进化。符合这个模型的一个例子是肠道沙门氏菌中先前存在的亲本基因,其两种不同的活性水平较低。这种基因被扩增到很高的拷贝数,而扩增的基因拷贝积累突变,提供不同拷贝的酶专门化和更快的生长。选择维持了最初的扩增和有益的突变等位基因,但对于其他改进较少的基因拷贝则放松了选择,允许它们丢失。这一快速过程在不到3000代的时间内完成,显示了IAD模型的有效性,并允许实时研究基因进化。
Gene duplications allow evolution of genes with new functions. Here, we describe the innovation-amplification-divergence (IAD) model in which the new function appears before duplication and functionally distinct new genes evolve under continuous selection. One example fitting this model is a preexisting parental gene in Salmonella enterica that has low levels of two distinct activities. This gene is amplified to a high copy number, and the amplified gene copies accumulate mutations that provide enzymatic specialization of different copies and faster growth. Selection maintains the initial amplification and beneficial mutant alleles but is relaxed for other less improved gene copies, allowing their loss. This rapid process, completed in fewer than 3000 generations, shows the efficacy of the IAD model and allows the study of gene evolution in real time.
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