Rib kinematics during lung ventilation in the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis): an XROMM analysis.
Rib kinematics during lung ventilation in the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis): an XROMM analysis.
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DOI：
10.1242/jeb.156166
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发表时间：
2017-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Brainerd EL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brocklehurst RJ;Moritz S;Codd J;Sellers WI;Brainerd EL
目前关于鳄鱼呼吸机制的假设是，双头肋骨，同时具有头突和结节，围绕穿过两个关节的约束轴旋转;此外，该轴在尾侧胸肋中移动，因为脊椎副骨从椎体移动到横突。此外，鳄鱼的腹侧胸腔被认为通过移动的中间肋骨具有额外的自由度。在这项研究中，X射线重建运动形态（XROMM）被用来量化肋骨旋转呼吸过程中的美国短吻鳄。虽然肋椎关节解剖结构预测了整个胸腔的整体运动模式（桶柄运动减少，卡钳运动增加），但存在显著偏差：解剖轴高估了泵柄运动，通常，体内肋骨绕所有三个身体轴的旋转比预测的更均匀。中间肋是移动的，在背侧肋内关节周围测量到高度旋转，尤其是在更靠近尾侧的肋中。胸骨肋骨的运动变得越来越复杂的尾部，由于脊椎和中间段的运动的组合。由于鳄鱼的胸腔有时被用作祖先祖龙的模型，这些结果对肋骨运动如何在化石分类群中重建具有重要意义，并说明了仅基于骨骼学重建肋骨运动的困难。总结：使用XROMM来测试关节解剖学如何预测鳄鱼呼吸时的肋骨运动，鳄鱼是我们最早的主龙的最佳活体模型。
The current hypothesis regarding the mechanics of breathing in crocodylians is that the double-headed ribs, with both a capitulum and tuberculum, rotate about a constrained axis passing through the two articulations; moreover, this axis shifts in the caudal thoracic ribs, as the vertebral parapophysis moves from the centrum to the transverse process. Additionally, the ventral ribcage in crocodylians is thought to possess additional degrees of freedom through mobile intermediate ribs. In this study, X-ray reconstruction of moving morphology (XROMM) was used to quantify rib rotation during breathing in American alligators. Whilst costovertebral joint anatomy predicted overall patterns of motion across the ribcage (decreased bucket handle motion and increased calliper motion), there were significant deviations: anatomical axes overestimated pump handle motion and, generally, ribs in vivo rotate about all three body axes more equally than predicted. The intermediate ribs are mobile, with a high degree of rotation measured about the dorsal intracostal joints, especially in the more caudal ribs. Motion of the sternal ribs became increasingly complex caudally, owing to a combination of the movements of the vertebral and intermediate segments. As the crocodylian ribcage is sometimes used as a model for the ancestral archosaur, these results have important implications for how rib motion is reconstructed in fossil taxa, and illustrate the difficulties in reconstructing rib movement based on osteology alone. Summary: Using XROMM to test how well joint anatomy predicts rib motion during breathing in crocodylians, our best living model for the earliest archosaurs.
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DOI：
10.1002/ar.22839
发表时间：
2014-12-01
影响因子：
2
作者：
Geist, Nicholas R.;Hillenius, Willem J.;Elgin, Ross A.
通讯作者：
Elgin, Ross A.
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Codd, JR;Boggs, DF;Carrier, DR
通讯作者：
Carrier, DR
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.1965.0003
发表时间：
1965-01-01
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
EWER, RF
通讯作者：
EWER, RF
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Gidmark, Nicholas J.;Tarrant, James C.;Brainerd, Elizabeth L.
通讯作者：
Brainerd, Elizabeth L.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Baier DB;Gatesy SM;Dial KP
通讯作者：
Dial KP