MAMP (microbe-associated molecular pattern) triggered immunity in plants.
MAMP (microbe-associated molecular pattern) triggered immunity in plants.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2013.00139
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Erbs G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Newman MA;Sundelin T;Nielsen JT;Erbs G
植物是固着的有机体，不断受到微生物的攻击。它们依靠预先形成的防御系统和先天免疫系统来抵御微生物病原体。预先形成的防御包括例如细胞壁和角质层，它们充当微生物定植的物理屏障。植物免疫系统由监测系统组成，这些系统可以感知几个常见的微生物激发子，使植物从生长和发育切换到防御模式，拒绝大多数潜在的有害微生物。激发子是病原菌生存所必需的结构，在病原菌中是保守的。保守的微生物特异性分子被称为微生物或病原体相关分子模式(MAMPs或PAMPs)，由植物固有免疫系统模式识别受体(PRRs)识别。卵菌的鞭毛蛋白(Flg)、延伸因子Tu(EF-Tu)、肽聚糖(Pgn)、脂多糖(Lps)、XA21(水稻Xa21免疫激活剂)、真菌甲壳素和β-葡聚糖等一般激发子都被植物表面定位的PRRs识别。近年来，已经确定了几个MAMP及其相应的PRR。本文综述了细菌、真菌和卵菌中重要的MAMP，其结构，识别它们的植物PRR，以及它们如何在植物中诱导MAMP触发的免疫(MTI)。
Plants are sessile organisms that are under constant attack from microbes. They rely on both preformed defenses, and their innate immune system to ward of the microbial pathogens. Preformed defences include for example the cell wall and cuticle, which act as physical barriers to microbial colonization. The plant immune system is composed of surveillance systems that perceive several general microbe elicitors, which allow plants to switch from growth and development into a defense mode, rejecting most potentially harmful microbes. The elicitors are essential structures for pathogen survival and are conserved among pathogens. The conserved microbe-specific molecules, referred to as microbe- or pathogen-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs or PAMPs), are recognized by the plant innate immune systems pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). General elicitors like flagellin (Flg), elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu), peptidoglycan (PGN), lipopolysaccharides (LPS), Ax21 (Activator of XA21-mediated immunity in rice), fungal chitin, and β-glucans from oomycetes are recognized by plant surface localized PRRs. Several of the MAMPs and their corresponding PRRs have, in recent years, been identified. This review focuses on the current knowledge regarding important MAMPs from bacteria, fungi, and oomycetes, their structure, the plant PRRs that recognizes them, and how they induce MAMP-triggered immunity (MTI) in plants.
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影响因子：
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Vinatzer BA