Molecular epidemiologic research on the effects of environmental pollutants on the fetus.
Molecular epidemiologic research on the effects of environmental pollutants on the fetus.
复制标题
环境污染物对胎儿影响的分子流行病学研究。
DOI：
10.1289/ehp.99107s3451
复制
发表时间：
1999-06
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Whyatt RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Perera FP;Jedrychowski W;Rauh V;Whyatt RM
有证据表明，胎儿和婴儿比成年人更容易受到各种环境毒物的影响，因为不同的暴露，生理不成熟，以及在生命早期开始的疾病可以发展的更长的寿命。在这篇文章中，我们审查的数据在子宫内暴露于常见的环境污染物，包括多环芳烃（PAH），颗粒物和环境烟草烟雾（ETS）的影响。然后，我们总结了分子流行病学研究的结果，以评估子宫内暴露于环境空气污染和ETS的风险。这项研究在波兰进行，使用生物标志物来测量毒物的内部和生物有效剂量以及个体易感因素。该研究包括160名母亲和160名新生儿。环境空气污染与母亲和婴儿脐带白色血细胞（WBC）中与DNA（PAH-DNA加合物）结合的PAH量显著相关（p= 0.05）。与加合物较低的新生儿（n= 135）相比，PAH-DNA加合物升高的新生儿（大于中位数）的出生体重（p = 0.05）、出生身长（p= 0.02）和头围（p= 0.0005）显著降低。母亲的主动和被动吸烟暴露增加了母亲和婴儿的可替宁水平（p= 0.01）。新生儿血浆可替宁（纳克/毫升）与出生体重（p= 0.0001）和身长（p= 0.003）呈负相关。与无RFLP的新生儿相比，细胞色素P4501 A1 MspI限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）杂合或纯合的新生儿的胎盘组织和WBC中加合物升高。新生儿的PAH-DNA和可替宁水平高于母亲。这些结果表明，PAH和ETS成分从母亲到胎儿有显着的经胎盘转移;母亲和新生儿WBC中的PAH-DNA加合物水平随着环境污染中PAH的环境暴露而增加;胎儿对遗传损伤比母亲更敏感。该研究还提供了第一个分子证据，表明胎儿经胎盘接触PAH会损害胎儿发育。如果得到证实，这些发现可能会对公共卫生产生重大影响，因为一些研究发现，出生时头围的减少与儿童时期智商较低以及认知功能和学校表现较差有关。
Evidence shows that fetuses and infants are more affected than adults by a variety of environmental toxicants because of differential exposure, physiologic immaturity, and a longer lifetime over which disease initiated in early life can develop. In this article we review data on the effects of in utero exposure to common environmental contaminants, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), particulate matter and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). We then summarize results from our molecular epidemiologic study to assess risks from in utero exposures to ambient air pollution and ETS. This research study, conducted in Poland, used biomarkers to measure the internal and bioeffective dose of toxicants and individual susceptibility factors. The study included 160 mothers and 160 newborns. Ambient air pollution was significantly associated (p= 0.05) with the amount of PAH bound to DNA (PAH-DNA adducts) in both maternal and infant cord white blood cells (WBC). Newborns with elevated PAH-DNA adducts (greater than the median) had significantly decreased birth weight (p= 0.05), birth length (p= 0.02), and head circumference (p= 0.0005) compared to the newborns with lower adducts (n= 135). Maternal and infant cotinine levels were increased by active and passive cigarette smoke exposure of the mother (p= 0.01). An inverse correlation was seen between newborn plasma cotinine (nanograms per milliliter) and birth weight (p= 0.0001) and length (p= 0.003). Adducts were elevated in placental tissue and WBC of newborns who were heterozygous or homozygous for the cytochrome P4501A1 MspI restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) compared to newborns without the RFLP. Levels of PAH-DNA and cotinine were higher in newborns than mothers. These results document that there is significant transplacental transfer of PAH and ETS constituents from mother to fetus; that PAH-DNA adduct levels in maternal and newborn WBC were increased with environmental exposure to PAH from ambient pollution; and that the fetus is more sensitive to genetic damage than the mother. The study also provided the first molecular evidence that transplacental PAH exposure to the fetus is compromising fetal development. If confirmed, these findings could have significant public health implications since a number of studies have found that reduction of head circumference at birth correlates with lower intelligence quotient as well as poorer cognitive functioning and school performance in childhood.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
BUEHLER, BA;DELIMONT, D;FINNELL, RH
通讯作者：
FINNELL, RH
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
COLES, CD;PLATZMAN, KA;FALEK, A
通讯作者：
FALEK, A
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
ACEVES, M;GRIMALT, JO
通讯作者：
GRIMALT, JO
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
BUI, QQ;TRAN, MB;WEST, WL
通讯作者：
WEST, WL
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
ALEXANDRIE, AK;SUNDBERG, MI;RANNUG, A
通讯作者：
RANNUG, A