Cancer mortality and morbidity among plutonium workers at the Sellafield plant of British Nuclear Fuels.
Cancer mortality and morbidity among plutonium workers at the Sellafield plant of British Nuclear Fuels.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/sj.bjc.6690207
复制
发表时间：
1999-03
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
研究了1947至1975年间所有受雇于英国核燃料厂的14 319名工人直至1992年底的死亡率，并研究了1971至1986年间癌症发病率与他们暴露于钚和外部辐射之间的关系。癌症死亡率比英格兰和威尔士低5%，比坎布里亚低3%。在一项早期研究中发现的胸膜和甲状腺癌死亡的显著过量继续存在于进一步的随访中(观察到14例，预计胸膜4.0例；观察到6例，预计甲状腺2.2例)。所有死于胸膜癌的人都是放射工作人员。对于这两个地点，癌症风险和累积辐射剂量之间都没有明显的关联。口腔和咽癌、肝癌和胆囊癌、喉癌和白血病的死亡率与全国死亡率相比存在显著差距。在所有放射工作人员中，外照射累积剂量与不明部位和继发部位癌症(10年滞后，P=0.04)、白血病(无滞后，P=0.03；2年滞后，P=0.05)、多发性骨髓瘤(20年滞后，P=0.02)、所有淋巴癌和血液癌(20年滞后，P=0.03)和所有死因合计死亡(20年滞后，P=0.008)呈显著正相关。在钚工作人员中，死于乳腺癌(6例，预期为2.6例)和定义不清的癌症和继发性癌症(29例，预期为20.1例)的人数明显过多。在任何特定地点的癌症死亡风险或所有癌症合并死亡的风险与累积的钚和外部辐射剂量之间没有明显的积极趋势。与英格兰和威尔士的癌症登记率相比，没有任何癌症地点的癌症登记率明显过剩。对癌症发病率趋势的分析表明，在0、10和20年的滞后期内，所有淋巴和血液肿瘤的累积钚加外部辐射剂量的风险显著增加。总体而言，我们的发现并不表明，与其他放射工作人员相比，塞拉菲尔德暴露于钚的工作人员患癌症的风险总体上显著增加。©1999癌症研究活动
The mortality of all 14 319 workers employed at the Sellafield plant of British Nuclear Fuels between 1947 and 1975 was studied up to the end of 1992, and cancer incidence was examined from 1971 to 1986, in relation to their exposures to plutonium and to external radiation. The cancer mortality rate was 5% lower than that of England and Wales and 3% less than that of Cumbria. The significant excesses of deaths from cancer of the pleura and thyroid found in an earlier study persist with further follow-up (14 observed, 4.0 expected for pleura; 6 observed, 2.2 expected for thyroid). All of the deaths from pleural cancer were among radiation workers. For neither site was there a significant association between the risk of the cancer and accumulated radiation dose. There were significant deficits of deaths from cancers of mouth and pharynx, liver and gall bladder, and larynx and leukaemia when compared with the national rates. Among all radiation workers, there was a significant positive association between accumulated external radiation dose and mortality from cancers of ill-defined and secondary sites (10-year lag, P = 0.04), leukaemia (no lag, P = 0.03; 2-year lag, P = 0.05), multiple myeloma (20-year lag, P = 0.02), all lymphatic and haematopoietic cancers (20-year lag, P = 0.03) and all causes of death combined (20-year lag, P = 0.008). Among plutonium workers, there were significant excesses of deaths from cancer of the breast (6 observed, 2.6 expected) and ill-defined and secondary cancers (29 observed, 20.1 expected). No significant positive trends were observed between the risk of deaths from cancers of any specific site, or all cancers combined, and cumulative plutonium and external radiation doses. For no cancer site was there a significant excess of cancer registrations compared with rates for England and Wales. Analysis of trends in cancer incidence showed significant increases in risk with cumulative plutonium plus external radiation doses for all lymphatic and haematopoietic neoplasms for 0-, 10- and 20-year lag periods. Taken as a whole, our findings do not suggest that workers at Sellafield who have been exposed to plutonium are at an overall significantly increased risk of cancer compared with other radiation workers. © 1999 Cancer Research Campaign
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
1
作者：
Kite, AV;Britcher, AR
通讯作者：
Britcher, AR
影响因子：
105.7
作者：
SMITH, PG;DOUGLAS, AJ
通讯作者：
DOUGLAS, AJ
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Voelz, GL;Lawrence, JNP;Johnson, ER
通讯作者：
Johnson, ER
影响因子：
--
作者：
KENDALL, GM;MUIRHEAD, CR;SILK, TJ
通讯作者：
SILK, TJ
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
CARPENTER, L;HIGGINS, C;SMITH, P
通讯作者：
SMITH, P