The Neural Implementation of Surgical Expertise Within the Mirror-Neuron System: An fMRI Study.
The Neural Implementation of Surgical Expertise Within the Mirror-Neuron System: An fMRI Study.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2018.00291
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Sorger B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kok E;De Bruin AB;van Geel K;Gegenfurtner A;Heyligers I;Sorger B
运动专长是外科手术等专业任务中高水平表现的一个重要方面。虽然最近已经表明，在镜像神经元系统（MNS）内通过功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）测量的大脑激活受到体育和音乐专业知识的调节，但对专业人士的神经基础知之甚少，例如，外科专业知识。在这里，我们调查了是否和（如果是）如何在MNS中实施手术专业知识的医疗专业人员在三个级别的手术资格。为了回答更具体的研究问题，即，如果神经执行的运动专业知识的发展是线性或非线性的方式，研究比较不仅在MNS内的新手和专家的行动观察有关的大脑激活，而且中间。10名新手（医学生），10名中级（骨科住院医生）和10名专家（骨科医生）观看了60个日常生活活动和外科手术的视频剪辑（每个5秒），同时使用3-T功能磁共振成像扫描仪测量他们的大脑激活。遵循既定的本地化程序，为每个参与者单独定义MNS功能。A 2（视频类型：日常生活活动，外科手术）× 3（专业水平：新手，中级，专家）方差分析产生了一个不显着的相互作用。此外，单独分析的中央前和顶叶部分的MNS也产生了非显着的相互作用。然而，事后比较表明，中间显示轻微显着降低大脑激活在MNS内的手术相关的视频比新手。没有发现其他显著差异。我们没有发现证据的假设，即通过观察手术视频诱发的MNS中的脑激活水平反映了（骨科）手术专业任务中的外科专业知识水平。然而，研究结果表明，潜在的非线性关系之间的专业知识水平和MNS激活水平。
Motor expertise is an important aspect of high-level performance in professional tasks such as surgery. While recently it has been shown that brain activation as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) within the mirror-neuron system (MNS) is modulated by expertise in sports and music, little is known about the neural underpinnings of professional, e.g., surgical expertise. Here, we investigated whether and (if so) how surgical expertise is implemented in the MNS in medical professionals across three levels of surgical qualification. In order to answer the more specific research question, namely, if the neural implementation of motor expertise develops in a linear or non-linear fashion, the study compares not only brain activation within the MNS related to action observation of novices and experts, but also intermediates. Ten novices (medical students), ten intermediates (residents in orthopedic surgery) and ten experts (orthopedic surgeons) watched 60 video clips (5 s each) of daily-life activities and surgical procedures each while their brain activation was measured using a 3-T fMRI scanner. An established localization procedure was followed to functionally define the MNS for each participant individually. A 2 (video type: daily-life activities, surgical procedures) × 3 (expertise level: novice, intermediate, expert) ANOVA yielded a non-significant interaction. Furthermore, separate analyses of the precentral and parietal part of the MNS also yielded non-significant interactions. However, post hoc comparisons showed that intermediates displayed marginally significantly lower brain activation in response to surgery-related videos within the MNS than novices. No other significant differences were found. We did not find evidence for the hypothesis that the brain-activation level in the MNS evoked by observing surgical videos reflects the level of surgical expertise in the professional task of (orthopedic) surgery. However, the results suggest a potential non-linear relationship between expertise level and MNS-activation level.
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影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Turella L;Wurm MF;Tucciarelli R;Lingnau A
通讯作者：
Lingnau A
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作者：
Fauvel B;Groussard M;Eustache F;Desgranges B;Platel H
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通讯作者：
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