Inositols: From Established Knowledge to Novel Approaches.
Inositols: From Established Knowledge to Novel Approaches.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3390/ijms221910575
复制
发表时间：
2021-09-30
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Wdowiak A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dinicola S;Unfer V;Facchinetti F;Soulage CO;Greene ND;Bizzarri M;Laganà AS;Chan SY;Bevilacqua A;Pkhaladze L;Benvenga S;Stringaro A;Barbaro D;Appetecchia M;Aragona C;Bezerra Espinola MS;Cantelmi T;Cavalli P;Chiu TT;Copp AJ;D'Anna R;Dewailly D;Di Lorenzo C;Diamanti-Kandarakis E;Hernández Marín I;Hod M;Kamenov Z;Kandaraki E;Monastra G;Montanino Oliva M;Nestler JE;Nordio M;Ozay AC;Papalou O;Porcaro G;Prapas N;Roseff S;Vazquez-Levin M;Vucenik I;Wdowiak A
肌醇（Myo-inositol，myo-Ins）和D-手性肌醇（D-chiro-inositol，D-chiro-Ins）是参与许多生物途径的天然化合物。自从发现它们参与内分泌信号转导以来，myo-Ins和D-chiro-Ins补充剂有助于改善许多妇科和内分泌疾病的临床方法。目前，myo-Ins和D-chiro-Ins都是经典胰岛素增敏剂的耐受性良好的有效替代候选物，并且是预防和治疗代谢和生殖疾病如多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）、妊娠糖尿病（GDM）和男性生育障碍如精子异常的有用治疗。此外，除了代谢活性，肌-Ins和D-手性-Ins深刻影响类固醇生成，调节雄激素和雌激素的库，可能以相反的方式。鉴于肌醇相关作用机制的复杂性，其许多有益作用仍在审查中。因此，持续的研究旨在发现新的新兴作用和机制，使临床医生能够定制肌醇治疗，并将其用于迄今尚未探索的其他医学领域。本文件概述了肌醇和最近的研究更新，即关于D-手性Ins参与类固醇生成的既定证据。特别是，D-手性-Ins介导胰岛素诱导的卵巢卵泡膜细胞睾酮生物合成，并通过调节芳香酶的表达直接影响雌激素的合成。卵巢以及其他器官和组织的特征在于myo-Ins与D-chiro-Ins的特定比例，这确保了它们的健康状态和适当的功能。改变的肌醇比例可能会导致病理状态，导致性激素失衡。这种情况通常发生在与医疗条件，如PCOS，或作为一些药物治疗的结果。基于肌醇的生理作用和改变的肌-Ins与D-手性-Ins比率的病理学意义，肌醇治疗可以设计有两个不同的目的：（1）恢复肌醇生理比率;（2）以受控的方式改变比率以实现特定的效果。
Myo-inositol (myo-Ins) and D-chiro-inositol (D-chiro-Ins) are natural compounds involved in many biological pathways. Since the discovery of their involvement in endocrine signal transduction, myo-Ins and D-chiro-Ins supplementation has contributed to clinical approaches in ameliorating many gynecological and endocrinological diseases. Currently both myo-Ins and D-chiro-Ins are well-tolerated, effective alternative candidates to the classical insulin sensitizers, and are useful treatments in preventing and treating metabolic and reproductive disorders such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and male fertility disturbances, like sperm abnormalities. Moreover, besides metabolic activity, myo-Ins and D-chiro-Ins deeply influence steroidogenesis, regulating the pools of androgens and estrogens, likely in opposite ways. Given the complexity of inositol-related mechanisms of action, many of their beneficial effects are still under scrutiny. Therefore, continuing research aims to discover new emerging roles and mechanisms that can allow clinicians to tailor inositol therapy and to use it in other medical areas, hitherto unexplored. The present paper outlines the established evidence on inositols and updates on recent research, namely concerning D-chiro-Ins involvement into steroidogenesis. In particular, D-chiro-Ins mediates insulin-induced testosterone biosynthesis from ovarian thecal cells and directly affects synthesis of estrogens by modulating the expression of the aromatase enzyme. Ovaries, as well as other organs and tissues, are characterized by a specific ratio of myo-Ins to D-chiro-Ins, which ensures their healthy state and proper functionality. Altered inositol ratios may account for pathological conditions, causing an imbalance in sex hormones. Such situations usually occur in association with medical conditions, such as PCOS, or as a consequence of some pharmacological treatments. Based on the physiological role of inositols and the pathological implications of altered myo-Ins to D-chiro-Ins ratios, inositol therapy may be designed with two different aims: (1) restoring the inositol physiological ratio; (2) altering the ratio in a controlled way to achieve specific effects.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Benelli E;Del Ghianda S;Di Cosmo C;Tonacchera M
通讯作者：
Tonacchera M
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Asimakopoulos, George;Pergialiotis, Vasilios;Daskalakis, George
通讯作者：
Daskalakis, George
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Cheang, Kai I.;Baillargeon, Jean-Patrice;Nestler, John E.
通讯作者：
Nestler, John E.
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
BAKER, L;PIDDINGTON, R;MOEHRING, J
通讯作者：
MOEHRING, J
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
BERRY, GT;MALLEE, JJ;SPINNER, NB
通讯作者：
SPINNER, NB