Tidal deformability of dressed black holes and tests of ultralight bosons in extended mass ranges

Tidal deformability of dressed black holes and tests of ultralight bosons in extended mass ranges
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修饰黑洞的潮汐变形性和超轻玻色子在扩展质量范围内的测试

DOI:
10.1088/1475-7516/2021/08/032
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
6.4
通讯作者:
P. Pani
P. Pani
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
V. De Luca;P. Pani

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致密物体在潮汐扰动存在下的变形能力被编码在潮汐洛夫数(TLN)中,对于真空中的孤立黑洞来说,该数会消失。我们证明,被物质场包围的黑洞的 TLN 不会消失,可用于探测双黑洞周围的环境。特别是,我们计算了在存在标量和矢量潮汐扰动的情况下被标量凝聚体包围的黑洞情况的 TLN,发现了 TLN 在标量场质量方面的强幂律行为。使用这一结果作为引力潮汐扰动的代表,我们表明未来的引力波探测器,如爱因斯坦望远镜和LISA,可以对由于吸积或超辐射而在黑洞周围凝结的超轻玻色子的质量施加严格的限制。有趣的是,LISA 可以测量从恒星质量 (≈ 102 M ☉) 到超大质量 (≈ 107 M ☉) 物体的经过修饰的黑洞的潮汐变形能力,以低于 10% 的精度测量 (10-17 – 10-13) eV 范围内的超轻玻色子质量,从而填补了来自地面和太空的其他超辐射驱动约束之间的空白干涉仪。总而言之,LISA 和爱因斯坦望远镜可以探测组合质量范围 (10-17 – 10-11) eV 内的修饰黑洞的潮汐效应。
The deformability of a compact object under the presence of a tidal perturbation is encoded in the tidal Love numbers (TLNs), which vanish for isolated black holes in vacuum. We show that the TLNs of black holes surrounded by matter fields do not vanish and can be used to probe the environment around binary black holes. In particular, we compute the TLNs for the case of a black hole surrounded by a scalar condensate under the presence of scalar and vector tidal perturbations, finding a strong power-law behavior of the TLN in terms of the mass of the scalar field. Using this result as a proxy for gravitational tidal perturbations, we show that future gravitational-wave detectors like the Einstein Telescope and LISA can impose stringent constraints on the mass of ultralight bosons that condensate around black holes due to accretion or superradiance. Interestingly, LISA could measure the tidal deformability of dressed black holes across the range from stellar-mass (≈ 102 M ☉) to supermassive (≈ 107 M ☉) objects, providing a measurement of the mass of ultralight bosons in the range (10-17 – 10-13) eV with less than 10% accuracy, thus filling the gap between other superradiance-driven constraints coming from terrestrial and space interferometers. Altogether, LISA and Einstein Telescope can probe tidal effects from dressed black holes in the combined mass range (10-17 – 10-11) eV.
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发表时间: 2022
影响因子: 6.4
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