Alcohol, stress hormones, and the prefrontal cortex: a proposed pathway to the dark side of addiction.

Alcohol, stress hormones, and the prefrontal cortex: a proposed pathway to the dark side of addiction.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.06.053
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发表时间:
2014-09-26
期刊:
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Richardson, H. N.
Richardson, H. N.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lu, Y. -L.;Richardson, H. N.

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Chronic exposure to alcohol produces changes in the prefrontal cortex that are thought to contribute to the development and maintenance of alcoholism. A large body of literature suggests that stress hormones play a critical role in this process. Here we review the bi-directional relationship between alcohol and stress hormones, and discuss how alcohol acutely stimulates the release of glucocorticoids and induces enduring modifications to neuroendocrine stress circuits during the transition from non-dependent drinking to alcohol dependence. We propose a pathway by which alcohol and stress hormones elicit neuroadaptive changes in prefrontal circuitry that could contribute functionally to a dampened neuroendocrine state and the increased propensity to relapse—a spiraling trajectory that could eventually lead to dependence.
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