Neural mechanisms of negative reinforcement in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders.
Neural mechanisms of negative reinforcement in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders.
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DOI：
10.1186/s11689-015-9107-8
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Dichter GS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Damiano CR;Cockrell DC;Dunlap K;Hanna EK;Miller S;Bizzell J;Kovac M;Turner-Brown L;Sideris J;Kinard J;Dichter GS
先前的研究已经发现了自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）中非典型奖励处理的证据，特别是在社会奖励的背景下。然而，这一系列的研究主要集中在积极的社会强化上，而对ASD患者的负强化过程知之甚少。本研究采用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）技术，研究了ASD儿童相对于正常发育儿童对社会负强化（一张显示负面影响的脸）和非社会负强化（金钱损失）的神经反应。我们发现，ASD儿童表现出右尾状核的低激活，而预期非社会负强化和低激活的额纹状体区域（包括核脑桥，尾状核，壳核）的网络，而预期社会负强化。此外，在非社会负强化过程中，右侧尾状核的激活与社会动机的个体差异有关。这些结果表明，ASD儿童对负强化的非典型反应可能导致该人群的社会动机缺陷。
Previous research has found accumulating evidence for atypical reward processing in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), particularly in the context of social rewards. Yet, this line of research has focused largely on positive social reinforcement, while little is known about the processing of negative reinforcement in individuals with ASD. The present study examined neural responses to social negative reinforcement (a face displaying negative affect) and non-social negative reinforcement (monetary loss) in children with ASD relative to typically developing children, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We found that children with ASD demonstrated hypoactivation of the right caudate nucleus while anticipating non-social negative reinforcement and hypoactivation of a network of frontostriatal regions (including the nucleus accumbens, caudate nucleus, and putamen) while anticipating social negative reinforcement. In addition, activation of the right caudate nucleus during non-social negative reinforcement was associated with individual differences in social motivation. These results suggest that atypical responding to negative reinforcement in children with ASD may contribute to social motivational deficits in this population.
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影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Dichter GS;Damiano CA;Allen JA
通讯作者：
Allen JA
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Beckmann, CF;Jenkinson, M;Smith, SM
通讯作者：
Smith, SM
影响因子：
3
作者：
Carter RM;Macinnes JJ;Huettel SA;Adcock RA
通讯作者：
Adcock RA
DOI：
10.1111/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x
发表时间：
1995-01-01
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
BENJAMINI, Y;HOCHBERG, Y
通讯作者：
HOCHBERG, Y
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Belmonte, MK;Allen, G;Webb, SJ
通讯作者：
Webb, SJ