Slowness and the preceding preparatory interval effect in schizophrenia.

Slowness and the preceding preparatory interval effect in schizophrenia.
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精神分裂症的缓慢和先前的准备间隔效应。

DOI:
10.1037//0021-843x.102.1.145
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发表时间:
1993
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Kwapil,TR
Kwapil,TR
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Miller,MB;Chapman,LJ;Chapman,JP;Kwapil,TR

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我们测量了精神分裂症患者 (n = 25)、匹配正常人 (n = 69) 和双相情感障碍 (n = 14) 受试者对不同长度的准备间隔(PI;警告信号和命令性刺激之间的时间)的音调的反应时间 (RT)。当前一个试验 (PPI) 的 PI 长于当前试验的 PI 时,RT 会增加。多项研究表明,这种 PPI 效应(差异评分)在精神分裂症中更为明显。我们重复了这一发现。然而,我们发现组内 PPI 效应的大小随着整体缓慢度的增加而增加,并且将 PPI 效应差异得分与整体缓慢度相关的最小二乘回归线在组间没有差异,精神分裂症受试者的回归线也与正常受试者的回归线没有差异。还通过从正常受试者的总体缓慢性的 PPI 效果差异评分的回归线中取所有组成员的残差来分析 PPI 效果的组间差异。各组在这些残差上没有差异,精神分裂症受试者与正常受试者也没有差异。我们得出的结论是,精神分裂症患者 PPI 效应的增强与在同样缓慢的正常受试者中观察到的情况相似。这一发现表明,PPI 效应似乎并不是一种独特的精神分裂症病理学的有希望的标志。
We measured the reaction times (RTs) of schizophrenic (n= 25), matched normal (n= 69), and bipolar (n= 14) subjects to a tone preceded by a preparatory interval (PI; the time between the warning signal and imperative stimulus) of varying length. RTs increase when the PI for the immediately preceding trial (the PPI) is longer than the PI for the current trial. Several studies have shown that this PPI effect (difference score) is heightened in schizophrenia. We replicated this finding. However, we found that the size of the PPI effect within groups increased with overall slowness and that the least squares regression line relating the PPI effect difference score to overall slowness did not differ between groups, nor did schizophrenic subjects' regression line differ from that of normal subjects. Group differences on the PPI effect were also analyzed by taking residuals for members of all groups from the normal subjects' regression line of the PPI effect difference score on overall slowness. Groups did not differ on these residuals, nor did schizophrenic subjects differ from normal subjects. We conclude that the heightening of the PPI effect in schizophrenia is like that observed in equally slow normal subjects. This finding suggests that the PPI effect does not appear to be a promising marker of a distinctive schizophrenic pathology.
先前的准备间隔对精神分裂症和非精神分裂症患者反应时间内预期反应的影响
DOI: 10.1097/00005053-197111000-00010
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