Past human impact in a mountain forest: geoarchaeology of a medieval glass production and charcoal hearth site in the Erzgebirge, Germany
Past human impact in a mountain forest: geoarchaeology of a medieval glass production and charcoal hearth site in the Erzgebirge, Germany
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过去人类对山林的影响：德国埃尔茨山脉中世纪玻璃生产和木炭炉遗址的地质考古学
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Christiane Hemker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Tolksdorf;K. Kaiser;L. Petr;Christoph Herbig;Petr Kočár;S. Heinrich;F. Wilke;M. Theuerkauf;A. Fülling;Matthias Schubert;Frank Schröder;R. Křivánek;L. Schulz;A. Bonhage;Christiane Hemker
自12世纪以来，中欧低山脉上游的森林地区提供了木材和木炭的重要来源，特别是用于采矿和冶炼以及玻璃生产。在这个案例研究中，从一个网站在上厄尔士山脉地区（矿石山），考古，地球物理，土壤沉积学，地球化学，煤岩学和孢粉学分析的结果已密切相关，允许历时重建不断变化的土地利用和不同强度的人类影响，特别是在第十四届至二十世纪。虽然人类在13世纪的存在只能从考古材料中推测，但在14世纪建立的玻璃窑和石英矿井在景观中留下了更突出的痕迹。然而，尽管一般认为玻璃生产造成了大量毁林，但与16世纪以后的情况相比，玻璃生产对这一地点的影响似乎很小，当时木炭生产可能与该地区新兴的采矿活动有关，变得很重要。当地森林砍伐和土壤侵蚀主要与木炭生产的后期阶段有关，这可能表明玻璃生产对人类的影响有时被高估。
Since the twelfth century, forest areas in the upper reaches of the low mountain ranges of central Europe provided an important source of wood and charcoal especially for mining and smelting as well as glass production. In this case study from a site in the upper Erzgebirge region (Ore Mountains), results from archeological, geophysical, pedo-sedimentological, geochemical, anthracological, and palynological analyses have been closely linked to allow for a diachronic reconstruction of changing land use and varying intensities of human impact with a special focus on the fourteenth to the twentieth century. While human presence during the thirteenth century can only be assumed from archeological material, the establishment of glass kilns together with quartz mining shafts during the fourteenth century has left behind more prominent traces in the landscape. However, although glass production is generally assumed to have caused intensive deforestation, the impact on this site appears rather weak compared to the sixteenth century onwards, when charcoal production, probably associated with emerging mining activities in the region, became important. Local deforestation and soil erosion has been associated mainly with this later phase of charcoal production and may indicate that the human impact of glass production is sometimes overestimated.
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影响因子：
2.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
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作者：
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影响因子：
2.2
作者：
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