Racial Disparity in Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk.
Racial Disparity in Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1053/j.gastro.2017.08.018
复制
发表时间：
2017-10
期刊：
影响因子：
29.4
通讯作者：
Carethers JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ashktorab H;Kupfer SS;Brim H;Carethers JM
2017年，来自胃肠道及其相关排泄器官的癌症将发生在超过30万美国人身上，其中结肠直肠癌占该负担的40%以上;同期将有超过15万人死于这组癌症。与这些癌症的发病率和死亡率有关的亚组之间存在差异。与每种癌症相关的流行病学和风险因素证实了美国种族群体的差异。食管腺癌在非西班牙裔白人中更常见，而食管鳞状细胞癌与烟草和酒精的危险因素在黑人中更常见。肝癌在亚洲/太平洋岛民中最常见，主要是由于B型肝炎的垂直传播，但其他种族群体由于丙型肝炎和非酒精性脂肪性肝病肝硬化的出现而显示出增加的发病率。胃癌的发病率在亚洲/太平洋岛民中仍然最高，可能是由于基因-环境相互作用。除了食道鳞状细胞癌外，黑人中小肠、胰腺和结直肠癌的发病率也最高，但这种差异的解释并不那么明显，可能是多因素造成的，包括社会经济和医疗保健的获得、治疗和预防（疫苗接种和筛查）差异、饮食和肠道微生物组的组成，以及生物学和遗传学的影响。认识到胃肠道癌症风险的这些差异，以及将精确医学方法应用于风险增加的人群的方法，可能会减少消化道癌症的差异。
Cancer from the gastrointestinal tract and its associated excretory organs will occur in over 300,000 Americans in 2017, with colorectal cancer responsible for over forty percent of that burden; there will be over 150,000 deaths from this group of cancers in the same time period. Disparities among subgroups related to these cancers’ incidence and mortality exist. The epidemiology and risk factors associated with each cancer bear out differences for racial groups in the United States. Esophageal adenocarcinoma is more frequent in Non-Hispanic Whites, whereas esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with risk factors of tobacco and alcohol is more frequent among Blacks. Liver cancer has been most frequent among Asian/Pacific Islanders chiefly due to hepatitis B vertical transmission, but other racial groups show increasing rates due to hepatitis C and emergence of cirrhosis from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastric cancer incidence remains highest among Asian/Pacific Islanders likely due to gene-environment interaction. In addition to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, cancers of the small bowel, pancreas and colorectum show the highest rates among Blacks, where the explanations for the disparity are not as obvious and are likely multifactorial, including socio-economic and health care access, treatment and prevention (vaccination and screening) differences, dietary and composition of the gut microbiome, as well as biological and genetic influences. Cognizance of these disparities in gastrointestinal cancer risk, as well as approaches that apply precision medicine methods to populations with the increased risk, may reduce the observed disparities for digestive cancers.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Ashktorab, Hassan;Rahi, Hamed;Brim, Hassan
通讯作者：
Brim, Hassan
DOI：
10.1093/jnci/86.17.1340
发表时间：
1994-09-07
期刊：
JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
影响因子：
--
作者：
BROWN, LM;HOOVER, RN;POTTERN, LM
通讯作者：
POTTERN, LM
影响因子：
39.2
作者：
Brenner, Hermann;Chang-Claude, Jenny;Hoffmeister, Michael
通讯作者：
Hoffmeister, Michael
影响因子：
30.8
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ashktorab, Hassan;Ahuja, Sadhna;Nouraie, Mehdi
通讯作者：
Nouraie, Mehdi