Convergent evolution of RFX transcription factors and ciliary genes predated the origin of metazoans.

Convergent evolution of RFX transcription factors and ciliary genes predated the origin of metazoans.
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DOI:
10.1186/1471-2148-10-130
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发表时间:
2010-05-04
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Chen N
Chen N
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chu JS;Baillie DL;Chen N

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鞭毛内转运 (IFT) 基因对于后生动物纤毛和鞭毛的发育和功能至关重要,受到调节因子 X (RFX) 转录因子 (TF) 的严格调控。然而,它们的进化关系是如何以及何时建立的仍然未知。我们已经发现的证据表明,RFX TF 和 IFT 基因独立进化,并且它们的进化在后生动物首次出现之前趋同。纤毛基因和 RFX TF 均存在于所有后生动物以及一些单细胞真核生物中。然而,虽然在所有已测序的后生动物基因组中同时发现了 RFX TF 和 IFT 基因,但在大多数前后生动物中,RFX TF 并不与 IFT 基因共存,因此不会在这些生物体中调节它们。例如,出芽酵母和裂殖酵母都没有纤毛,尽管两者都有明确的 RFX TF。相反,大多数单细胞真核生物,包括绿藻莱茵衣藻,具有典型的纤毛和保守的 IFT 基因,但缺乏 RFX TF。在后生动物之外,RFX TF 和 IFT 基因仅共存于领鞭毛虫(包括 M. brevicollis)中,并且仅在 51 种已测序真菌基因组中的一种真菌 Allomyces Macrogynus 中共存。 M. brevicollis 有两个假定的 RFX 基因和完整的纤毛基因。 RFX TF 和 IFT 基因的进化在前后生动物中是独立的。我们认为它们在进化上的趋同,或者说RFX TF对IFT基因的获得性转录调控,在后生动物的建立中发挥了关键作用。
Intraflagellar transport (IFT) genes, which are critical for the development and function of cilia and flagella in metazoans, are tightly regulated by the Regulatory Factor X (RFX) transcription factors (TFs). However, how and when their evolutionary relationship was established remains unknown. We have identified evidence suggesting that RFX TFs and IFT genes evolved independently and their evolution converged before the first appearance of metazoans. Both ciliary genes and RFX TFs exist in all metazoans as well as some unicellular eukaryotes. However, while RFX TFs and IFT genes are found simultaneously in all sequenced metazoan genomes, RFX TFs do not co-exist with IFT genes in most pre-metazoans and thus do not regulate them in these organisms. For example, neither the budding yeast nor the fission yeast possesses cilia although both have well-defined RFX TFs. Conversely, most unicellular eukaryotes, including the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, have typical cilia and well conserved IFT genes but lack RFX TFs. Outside of metazoans, RFX TFs and IFT genes co-exist only in choanoflagellates including M. brevicollis, and only one fungus Allomyces macrogynus of the 51 sequenced fungus genomes. M. brevicollis has two putative RFX genes and a full complement of ciliary genes. The evolution of RFX TFs and IFT genes were independent in pre-metazoans. We propose that their convergence in evolution, or the acquired transcriptional regulation of IFT genes by RFX TFs, played a pivotal role in the establishment of metazoan.
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