ACE2-lentiviral transduction enables mouse SARS-CoV-2 infection and mapping of receptor interactions.

ACE2-lentiviral transduction enables mouse SARS-CoV-2 infection and mapping of receptor interactions.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1009723
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发表时间:
2021-07
期刊:
影响因子:
6.7
通讯作者:
Suhrbier A
Suhrbier A
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rawle DJ;Le TT;Dumenil T;Yan K;Tang B;Nguyen W;Watterson D;Modhiran N;Hobson-Peters J;Bishop C;Suhrbier A

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SARS-CoV-2 使用人类 ACE2 (hACE2) 受体进行细胞附着和进入,而小鼠 ACE2 (mACE2) 无法支持感染。在此,我们描述了 ACE2-慢病毒系统,并说明了其在体外和体内 SARS-CoV-2 感染模型中的效用。用 hACE2 转导不允许的细胞系赋予复制能力,用含有 N30D、N31K、F83Y 和 H353K 取代的 mACE2 转导以匹配 hACE2,挽救了 SARS-CoV-2 的复制。 C57BL/6J 小鼠肺内 hACE2 慢病毒转导允许病毒在肺上皮中显着复制。 RNA-Seq 和组织学分析表明,该模型涉及急性炎症性疾病,随后消退和组织修复,其转录组学特征与 COVID-19 患者相似。使用 hACE2-慢病毒转导 IFNAR-/- 和 IL-28RA-/- 小鼠肺来说明 I 型或 III 型干扰素反应的丧失对病毒复制没有显着影响。然而,RNA-Seq 分析说明了它们在驱动炎症反应中的重要性。我们还展示了 hACE2-慢病毒转导系统在 C57BL/6J 小鼠疫苗评估中的实用性。因此,ACE2-慢病毒系统在 SARS-CoV-2 研究中具有广泛的应用,为诱变研究和小鼠模型开发提供了工具。 SARS-CoV-2利用人类ACE2(hACE2)受体来感染细胞,但不能感染小鼠,因为该病毒无法结合小鼠ACE2(mACE2)。我们在体外使用 ACE2 慢病毒系统来鉴定 mACE2 中的四个关键氨基酸,这解释了为什么 SARS-CoV-2 不能感染小鼠。 hACE2-慢病毒被用来在小鼠肺部体内表达hACE2,SARS-CoV-2感染后的炎症反应与人类COVID-19中的炎症反应相似。转基因小鼠被用来证明 I 型和 III 型干扰素信号传导是炎症反应所必需的。我们还表明 hACE2 慢病毒小鼠模型可用于测试疫苗。总的来说,本文表明我们的 hACE2-慢病毒系统在 SARS-CoV-2 和 COVID-19 研究中具有多种应用。
SARS-CoV-2 uses the human ACE2 (hACE2) receptor for cell attachment and entry, with mouse ACE2 (mACE2) unable to support infection. Herein we describe an ACE2-lentivirus system and illustrate its utility for in vitro and in vivo SARS-CoV-2 infection models. Transduction of non-permissive cell lines with hACE2 imparted replication competence, and transduction with mACE2 containing N30D, N31K, F83Y and H353K substitutions, to match hACE2, rescued SARS-CoV-2 replication. Intrapulmonary hACE2-lentivirus transduction of C57BL/6J mice permitted significant virus replication in lung epithelium. RNA-Seq and histological analyses illustrated that this model involved an acute inflammatory disease followed by resolution and tissue repair, with a transcriptomic profile similar to that seen in COVID-19 patients. hACE2-lentivirus transduction of IFNAR-/- and IL-28RA-/- mouse lungs was used to illustrate that loss of type I or III interferon responses have no significant effect on virus replication. However, their importance in driving inflammatory responses was illustrated by RNA-Seq analyses. We also demonstrate the utility of the hACE2-lentivirus transduction system for vaccine evaluation in C57BL/6J mice. The ACE2-lentivirus system thus has broad application in SARS-CoV-2 research, providing a tool for both mutagenesis studies and mouse model development. SARS-CoV-2 uses the human ACE2 (hACE2) receptor to infect cells, but cannot infect mice because the virus cannot bind mouse ACE2 (mACE2). We use an ACE2-lentivirus system in vitro to identify four key amino acids in mACE2 that explain why SARS-CoV-2 cannot infect mice. hACE2-lentivirus was used to express hACE2 in mouse lungs in vivo, with the inflammatory responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection similar to those seen in human COVID-19. Genetically modified mice were used to show that type I and III interferon signaling is required for the inflammatory responses. We also show that the hACE2-lentivirus mouse model can be used to test vaccines. Overall this paper demonstrates that our hACE2-lentivirus system has multiple applications in SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 research.
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发表时间: 2021-01-08
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