Metastatic melanoma cells evade immune detection by silencing STAT1.

Metastatic melanoma cells evade immune detection by silencing STAT1.
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DOI:
10.3390/ijms16024343
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发表时间:
2015-02-17
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Greer SF
Greer SF
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Osborn JL;Greer SF

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细胞因子干扰素γ (IFN-γ)转录激活主要组织相容性复合体(MHC) I和II分子,是细胞介导免疫对抗病原体和肿瘤的关键步骤。最近的证据表明,抑制多种肿瘤类型的MHC I和II的表达在肿瘤免疫逃避中起重要作用。其中一种肿瘤是恶性黑色素瘤,它是皮肤癌相关死亡的主要原因。尽管越来越多的人意识到MHC表达缺陷,但黑色素瘤细胞抑制MHC并逃避免疫介导消除的分子机制仍不清楚。在这里,我们分析了Janus激酶(JAK)/STAT通路的失调及其在黑色素瘤细胞系径向生长期(RGP)、垂直生长期(VGP)和转移期(MET)中MHC II抑制中的作用。虽然RGP和VGP细胞都表达MHC II,但MET细胞不仅缺乏MHC II,而且缺乏关键的转录因子干扰素反应因子(IRF) 1及其上游激活因子、信号换能器和转录激活因子1 (STAT1)。在患者肿瘤样本中也观察到STAT1的体外抑制,表明STAT1沉默是MHC II抑制和免疫逃避的一个全局机制。
Transcriptional activation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I and II molecules by the cytokine, interferon γ (IFN-γ), is a key step in cell-mediated immunity against pathogens and tumors. Recent evidence suggests that suppression of MHC I and II expression on multiple tumor types plays important roles in tumor immunoevasion. One such tumor is malignant melanoma, a leading cause of skin cancer-related deaths. Despite growing awareness of MHC expression defects, the molecular mechanisms by which melanoma cells suppress MHC and escape from immune-mediated elimination remain unknown. Here, we analyze the dysregulation of the Janus kinase (JAK)/STAT pathway and its role in the suppression of MHC II in melanoma cell lines at the radial growth phase (RGP), the vertical growth phase (VGP) and the metastatic phase (MET). While RGP and VGP cells both express MHC II, MET cells lack not only MHC II, but also the critical transcription factors, interferon response factor (IRF) 1 and its upstream activator, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1). Suppression of STAT1 in vitro was also observed in patient tumor samples, suggesting STAT1 silencing as a global mechanism of MHC II suppression and immunoevasion.
免疫编辑:免疫系统在自我迁移肿瘤生长中的多方面作用的证据。
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