Skin melanocytes: biology and development.

Skin melanocytes: biology and development.
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DOI:
10.5114/pdia.2013.33376
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发表时间:
2013-02
影响因子:
1.4
通讯作者:
Tymińska A
Tymińska A
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cichorek M;Wachulska M;Stasiewicz A;Tymińska A

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在人类皮肤中,黑色素细胞存在于表皮和毛囊中。这些细胞的基本特征是产生黑色素的能力和起源于神经嵴细胞。最后一个因素很重要,因为还有其他细胞能够产生黑色素,但来自不同的胚胎起源(视网膜的色素上皮、一些神经元、脂肪细胞)。黑素细胞的生命周期包括几个步骤,包括黑素细胞谱系从神经嵴分化、黑素母细胞的迁移和增殖、黑素母细胞分化为黑素细胞、黑素细胞在靶部位的增殖和成熟(黑色素生成酶的活性、黑素小体的形成和转运到角质形成细胞)和最终的细胞死亡(毛发黑素细胞)。表皮和毛发的黑色素细胞具有一些共同的特征,但总的来说,它们形成了不同的生物种群,生活在皮肤的独特壁龛中。
In the human skin, melanocytes are present in the epidermis and hair follicles. The basic features of these cells are the ability to melanin production and the origin from neural crest cells. This last element is important because there are other cells able to produce melanin but of different embryonic origin (pigmented epithelium of retina, some neurons, adipocytes). The life cycle of melanocyte consists of several steps including differentiation of melanocyte lineage/s from neural crest, migration and proliferation of melanoblasts, differentiation of melanoblasts into melanocytes, proliferation and maturation of melanocytes at the target places (activity of melanogenic enzymes, melanosome formation and transport to keratinocytes) and eventual cell death (hair melanocytes). Melanocytes of the epidermis and hair are cells sharing some common features but in general they form biologically different populations living in unique niches of the skin.
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