Working memory for sign language: a window into the architecture of the working memory system.
Working memory for sign language: a window into the architecture of the working memory system.
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手语工作记忆：了解工作记忆系统架构的窗口。
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.deafed.a014318
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发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
K. Emmorey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Margaret Wilson;K. Emmorey
传统上，工作记忆被分为两个主要领域：言语和视觉空间。工作记忆的言语域可以通过其与语言的关系或其在听觉处理中的基础来表征。由于这种模糊性，非听觉和语音的语言（即，手语）对工作记忆的概念提出了挑战。我们描述了几个实验与聋人用户的美国手语（ASL），探讨在何种程度上的结构的工作记忆是由听觉和视觉处理的限制，并在何种程度上，它是由语言的特点。各种工作记忆的影响进行了调查：语音相似性，单词长度，发音抑制。证据的模式强烈支持存在一个基于符号的“排练循环”机制平行于基于语音的排练循环。然而，我们也讨论了指向言语回路和符号回路之间的差异，从向前和向后的数字广度任务与聋人和听力科目的证据。尽管它们在语言特性上有相似之处，但由于听觉和视觉的不同处理需求，语音回路和符号回路似乎有所不同。总体而言，研究结果表明，工作记忆的结构是由语言结构的属性和感觉运动通道所施加的限制。
Traditionally, working memory has been divided into two major domains: verbal and visuo-spatial. The verbal domain of working memory can be characterized either by its relationship to language or by its grounding in auditory processing. Because of this ambiguity, languages that are not auditory and vocal (i.e., signed languages) pose a challenge to this conception of working memory. We describe several experiments with deaf users of American Sign Language (ASL) that explore the extent to which the architecture of working memory is determined by the constraints of auditory and visual processing and the extent to which it is determined by the characteristics of language. Various working memory effects were investigated: phonological similarity, word length, and articulatory suppression. The pattern of evidence strongly supports the existence of a sign-based 'rehearsal loop' mechanism parallel to the speech-based rehearsal loop. However, we also discuss evidence pointing to differences between the speech loop and the sign loop from forward and backward digit span tasks with deaf and hearing subjects. Despite their similarities based on linguistic properties, the speech loop and the sign loop appear to diverge due to the differing processing demands of audition and vision. Overall, the results suggest that the architecture of working memory is shaped both by the properties of language structure and by the constraints imposed by sensorimotor modality.
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美国手语聋人手语者的短期记忆：编码策略对顺序记忆的影响。
DOI：
10.1037//0278-7393.8.6.572
发表时间：
1982
期刊：
Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hanson,VL
通讯作者：
Hanson,VL
美国手语先天性耳聋手语者的非听觉后缀效应。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1981
期刊：
Journal of experimental psychology. Human learning and memory
影响因子：
--
作者：
Shand,MA;Klima,ES
通讯作者：
Klima,ES
听觉和视觉信号时间的短期记忆。
DOI：
10.1037//0278-7393.18.5.931
发表时间：
1992
期刊：
Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition
影响因子：
--
作者：
Watkins,MJ;LeCompte,DC;Elliott,MN;Fish,SB
通讯作者：
Fish,SB
美国手语中的形式、语义和图像信息的处理。
DOI：
10.1037//0096-1523.7.5.1146
发表时间：
1981
期刊：
Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance
影响因子：
--
作者：
Poizner,H;Bellugi,U;Tweney,RD
通讯作者：
Tweney,RD