Intramolecularly Sulfur-Stabilized Silicon Cations with Chiral Binaphthyl Backbones: Synthesis of Three Different Motifs and Their Application in Enantioselective Diels–Alder Reactions

Intramolecularly Sulfur-Stabilized Silicon Cations with Chiral Binaphthyl Backbones: Synthesis of Three Different Motifs and Their Application in Enantioselective Diels–Alder Reactions
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具有手性联萘基主链的分子内硫稳定的硅阳离子:三种不同基序的合成及其在对映选择性狄尔斯-阿尔德反应中的应用

DOI:
10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00351
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发表时间:
2015
期刊:
影响因子:
2.8
通讯作者:
M. Oestreich
M. Oestreich
中科院分区:
化学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Volker H. G. Rohde;M. Müller;M. Oestreich

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描述了二烷基硫醚分子内稳定硅阳离子的形成和29Si核磁共振表征。以2-[(烷基硫代)甲基]苯基取代氢硅烷为代表,考察了硅-硫刘易斯对的化学稳定性,从而验证了该方法的可行性,然后通过多步顺序制备了三个具有手性二萘基骨架的不同基序。发现硅原子在这些阳离子中的屏蔽程度取决于硅原子的取代模式和硅-硫相互作用产生的环尺寸。这些硫稳定的硅阳离子具有足够的活性,可以促进环己-1,3-二烯与各种亲二酚的Diels-Alder反应;还报道了与环戊二烯的同一组反应。三种手性路易斯酸中的一种诱导了低但有希望的对映选择性,24%的ee是迄今为止用阳离子四配位硅催化剂获得的最高值。
The formation and 29Si NMR spectroscopic characterization of silicon cations that are intramolecularly stabilized by a dialkyl thioether are described. The chemical stability of the silicon–sulfur Lewis pair and, hence, the viability of the approach, were probed with a 2-[(alkylthio)methyl]phenyl-substituted hydrosilane as a proxy before three different motifs with chiral binaphthyl backbones were prepared in multistep sequences. The degree of shielding of the silicon atom in these cations was found to depend on the substitution pattern at the silicon atom and the ring size generated by the silicon–sulfur interaction. These sulfur-stabilized silicon cations are sufficiently reactive to promote Diels–Alder reactions of cyclohexa-1,3-diene with various dienophiles; the same set of reactions with cyclopentadiene is also reported. One of the three chiral Lewis acids induces low, but promising, enantioselectivity, and 24% ee is the highest value so far obtained with a cationic tetracoordinate silicon catalyst.
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