What explains property-level variation in avian diversity? An inter-disciplinary approach
What explains property-level variation in avian diversity? An inter-disciplinary approach
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如何解释鸟类多样性的财产水平差异？
DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2664.2009.01616.x
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Dallimer M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dallimer M
1现代农业景观的生物多样性遭受重大损失，这主要是由农业集约化相关的生态变化造成的。减少的原因通常得到了很好的描述，但当前的管理实践似乎不太可能实现欧盟范围内阻止生物多样性丧失的政策目标。2现有证据表明，财产规模因素可能对塑造生物多样性模式产生影响；然而，它们很少被纳入研究中。我们利用英格兰北部峰区的 44 个高地农场，研究了生态、农业和社会经济因素在决定鸟类物种丰富度方面的作用，首次纳入了所有三种影响因素的信息。 3尽管我们可能预期栖息地质量将是影响物种丰富度的主要因素，但这些变量的影响很小。每个属性的景观背景对于解释此处使用的物种丰富度的三种衡量标准（总体、高地和保护关注度）中的任何一个都不重要。财产内栖息地质量确实解释了高地特有物种丰富度变化的 42%，但对总丰富度或保护关注丰富度没有影响。4仅农场的社会经济环境就解释了总丰富度变化的 24%，其中土地保有权和劳动力投入是鸟类多样性的重要预测因素。然而，净收入、租金价值和农业环境计划 (AES) 支付水平在预测物种丰富度方面并没有发挥作用。 5农场管理变量，包括 AES 中概述的许多主要规定，占保护关注物种丰富度变化的 23%，但占总丰富度的不到 10%。然而，没有任何农场管理变量能够比随机变量提供更好的鸟类物种丰富度预测能力。6综合和应用。农业景观由一系列土地所有者管理，他们所有人都可以影响生物多样性保护。我们证明，栖息地、管理和社会经济等财产规模的变化可以影响生物多样性的决定模式。目前，农田保护政策在很大程度上假设实施保护措施的社会经济障碍和财务成本是恒定的。将个别财产的不同情况纳入政策设计的考虑可能会带来可观的生物多样性收益。
1Modern farmed landscapes have witnessed substantial losses in biodiversity principally driven by the ecological changes associated with agricultural intensification. The causes of declines are often well described, but current management practices seem unlikely to deliver the EU‐wide policy objective of halting biodiversity losses.2Available evidence suggests that property‐scale factors can be influential in shaping patterns of biodiversity; however, they are rarely included in studies. Using 44 upland farms in the Peak District, northern England, we investigate the roles of ecological, agricultural and socio‐economic factors in determining avian species richness, for the first time incorporating information from all three influences.3Although we might expect that habitat quality would be the main factor affecting species richness, these variables had little influence. The landscape context of each property was unimportant in explaining any of the three measures of species richness (Total,UplandandConservation Concern) used here. Within‐property habitat quality did explain 42% of the variation in richness of upland specialist species, but had no influence on Total or Conservation Concern Richness.4Socio‐economic circumstances of farms alone accounted for 24% of the variation in Total Richness, with land tenure and labour inputs important predictors of avian diversity. However, net income, rental value and the level of Agri‐Environment Scheme (AES) payments did not play a role in predicting species richness.5Farm management variables, including many of the main prescriptions outlined in AES, accounted for 23% of the variation in the richness of species of Conservation Concern, but less than 10% for Total Richness. However, no farm management variable alone was shown to offer better predictive power of avian species richness than random.6Synthesis and applications.The agricultural landscape is managed by a mosaic of landowners, all of whom can influence biodiversity conservation. We demonstrate that variation at the property‐scale in habitat, management and socio‐economics can feed into determining patterns of biodiversity. Currently, farmland conservation policy largely assumes that socio‐economic barriers and financial costs of implementing conservation measures are constant. Incorporating a consideration of the varying circumstances of individual properties into policy design is likely to result in substantial biodiversity gains.
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影响因子：
8.7
作者：
Haines-Young, R;Barr, CJ;Watkins, JW
通讯作者：
Watkins, JW
繁殖金鸻 Pluvialis apricaria 的时间预算和觅食。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
M. Whittingham;S. Percival;A. Brown
通讯作者：
A. Brown
英格兰奔宁山脉南部高地繁殖鸟类的种群规模和栖息地关联
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
R. Stillman;A. Brown
通讯作者：
A. Brown
捕食对动物猎物丰度影响的荟萃分析：来自英国脊椎动物的证据
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Alison R. Holt;Z. Davies;C. Tyler;S. Staddon
通讯作者：
S. Staddon
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Fisheries for Scotland.;Great Britain. Foreign Office.
通讯作者：
Great Britain. Foreign Office.