Immune Function and Micronutrient Requirements Change over the Life Course.
Immune Function and Micronutrient Requirements Change over the Life Course.
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DOI：
10.3390/nu10101531
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发表时间：
2018-10-17
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Calder PC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maggini S;Pierre A;Calder PC
随着人类年龄的增长，感染的风险和严重程度根据免疫系统如何发育，成熟和衰退而与免疫能力相一致。有几个因素影响免疫系统及其能力，包括营养。营养、感染和免疫之间存在双向关系：一个组成部分的变化会影响其他组成部分。例如，在每个生命阶段存在的不同免疫特征可能会影响感染的类型，患病率和严重程度，而营养不良可能会损害免疫功能并增加感染风险。各种微量营养素对于免疫能力是必不可少的，特别是维生素A、C、D、E、B2、B6和B12、叶酸、铁、硒和锌。营养素缺乏是公认的全球公共卫生问题，营养不良易导致某些感染。免疫功能可以通过将缺乏的微量营养素恢复到推荐水平来改善，从而提高对感染的抵抗力，并在感染时支持更快的恢复。单靠饮食可能是不够的，必须根据与年龄有关的具体需要，提供有针对性的微量营养素补充。这篇评论着眼于特定于每个生命阶段的免疫考虑，随之而来的感染风险，微量营养素的需求和缺乏表现出的生命过程中，和现有的证据有关的微量营养素补充剂对免疫功能和感染的影响。
As humans age, the risk and severity of infections vary in line with immune competence according to how the immune system develops, matures, and declines. Several factors influence the immune system and its competence, including nutrition. A bidirectional relationship among nutrition, infection and immunity exists: changes in one component affect the others. For example, distinct immune features present during each life stage may affect the type, prevalence, and severity of infections, while poor nutrition can compromise immune function and increase infection risk. Various micronutrients are essential for immunocompetence, particularly vitamins A, C, D, E, B2, B6, and B12, folic acid, iron, selenium, and zinc. Micronutrient deficiencies are a recognized global public health issue, and poor nutritional status predisposes to certain infections. Immune function may be improved by restoring deficient micronutrients to recommended levels, thereby increasing resistance to infection and supporting faster recovery when infected. Diet alone may be insufficient and tailored micronutrient supplementation based on specific age-related needs necessary. This review looks at immune considerations specific to each life stage, the consequent risk of infection, micronutrient requirements and deficiencies exhibited over the life course, and the available evidence regarding the effects of micronutrient supplementation on immune function and infection.
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影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Charlton K;Yeatman H;Lucas C;Axford S;Gemming L;Houweling F;Goodfellow A;Ma G
通讯作者：
Ma G
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
COHEN, S;TYRRELL, DAJ;SMITH, AP
通讯作者：
SMITH, AP
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Carr AC;Maggini S
通讯作者：
Maggini S
DOI：
10.1016/b978-012491543-5/50107-8
发表时间：
2005-01-01
期刊：
MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY, 3RD EDITION
影响因子：
--
作者：
Butler, John E.;Kehrli, Marcus E., Jr.
通讯作者：
Kehrli, Marcus E., Jr.
影响因子：
7
作者：
Calder, Philip C.
通讯作者：
Calder, Philip C.