Multiple lineages of monkeypox virus detected in the United States, 2021-2022.

Multiple lineages of monkeypox virus detected in the United States, 2021-2022.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.add4153
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发表时间:
2022-11-04
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
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其他
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猴痘是一种病毒性人畜共患病,流行于中非和西非。2022年5月,数十个非流行国家报告了数百例猴痘病例,其中大多数与非洲没有流行病学联系。我们在2021年和2022年的两例和七例美国猴痘病例中确定了两种猴痘病毒(MPXV)谱系:2022年爆发的主要变异株B.1和同时采样的次要变异株A.2。对这两个变种之间的突变分析表明,自2017年以来抽样的Clade IIb MPXV(前西非,尼日利亚)中,极倾向于GA-to-AA突变,这表明人类APOBEC3胞嘧啶脱氨酶活性。这样的突变在其他MPXV分支中并不丰富。这些发现表明,APOBEC3编辑可能是当前疫情中MPXV进化的一个反复和主要的驱动因素。我们报告了不同来源的猴痘病毒多次进入美国,并发现了自2017年以来APOBEC3编辑的证据。
Monkeypox is a viral zoonotic disease endemic in Central and West Africa. In May 2022, dozens of non-endemic countries reported hundreds of monkeypox cases, most with no epidemiological link to Africa. We identified two lineages of monkeypox virus (MPXV) among two 2021 and seven 2022 U.S. monkeypox cases: the major 2022 outbreak variant, B.1, and a minor contemporaneously sampled variant called A.2. Analyses of mutations among these two variants revealed an extreme preference for GA-to-AA mutations indicative of human APOBEC3 cytosine deaminase activity among Clade IIb MPXV (previously West African, Nigeria) sampled since 2017. Such mutations were not enriched within other MPXV clades. These findings suggest that APOBEC3 editing may be a recurrent and a dominant driver of MPXV evolution within the current outbreak. We report multiple introductions of monkeypox viruses of different origins into the U.S. and find evidence of APOBEC3 editing since 2017.
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-01907-y
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