Metastable, Sub-Triple Liquids: Thermodynamics and Phase Transition Dynamics

这个项目是对温度和压力同时低于三相点温度和压力的亚稳态液体(亚三相液体)的理论研究：在三相温度以下不可能存在稳定的液体。这项拟议的工作包括对一种独特的、以前从未探索过的快速相变进行计算机模拟研究，通过这种快速相变，亚三重液体会松弛，形成平衡的汽固混合物。亚三重液体的热力学和稳定性极限对于理解流体在植物中的传输是重要的，因为植物中的液体经常处于张力状态并低于其冰点。低温下抗拉强度丧失(拉伸不稳定性)的现象在一般空化区域以及在接近其冰点的液体受到拉应力(叶轮叶片、船舶螺旋桨)的任何应用中都具有非常重要的后果。

This project is a theoretical study of metastable liquids at temperatures and pressures which are simultaneously lower than the triple point temperature and pressure (sub-triple liquids): a stable liquid cannot exist below the triple temperature. The proposed work consists of a computer simulation study of a unique and previously unexplored rapid phase transition whereby a sub-triple liquid relaxes to form an equilibrium vapour-solid mixture. The thermodynamics and stability limits of sub-triple liquids are important to the understanding of fluid transport in plants, where liquids are frequently under tension and below their freezing point. The phenomenon of loss of tensile strength at low temperatures (tensile instability) has very important consequences in the general area of cavitation, and in any application where liquids close to their freezing point are subject to tensile stresses (impeller blades, ship propellers).