Industry/University Cooperative Research Project: Fundamental Studies of Detergent Surface Active Phenomena

阴离子和非离子表面活性剂 例如磺基琥珀酸二辛酯钠和乙氧基化醇 在低温过程中的含油土壤进行了研究。 在赖斯使用最近开发的实验性视频显微镜研究 技术将揭示动态行为的本质， 当洗涤剂溶液在各种条件下接触油时， 壳牌开发公司使用放射性示踪剂的实验将 测定织物小样本的去污程度， 相同的洗涤剂和油， 温度，水的硬度和pH值。各种纯表面活性剂 在这些实验中使用的化合物包括 带负电荷和不带电荷的洗涤剂、油和脂肪 在典型的洗衣污垢中发现的类型的化合物。 扩散路径 理论将被用来提供一个基本的理解， 结果的平衡相行为方面的各种 系统. 一个关键的目标是能够预测各种类型的 微乳液或液晶的形成 洗涤剂溶液和油，并且当自发乳化时， 在增溶过程中会出现相关的界面不稳定性 过程

The basic mechanism by which anionic and nonionic surface-active agents such as Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate and ethoxylated alcohols remove oily soils during low-temperature processes is investigated. Videomicroscopy studies at Rice using a recently developed experimental technique will reveal the nature of the dynamic behavior which takes place when a detergent solution contacts oil under various conditions. Experiments at Shell Development Company using radioactive tracers will determine the degree of soil removal from small samples of fabric for the same detergents and oils and for the same conditions of temperatures, water hardness, and pH. A variety of pure surface-active compounds are used in these experiments including mixtures of negatively charged and uncharged detergents and oils and fatty compounds of the types found in typical laundry soils. Diffusion path theory will be used to provide a fundamental understanding of the results in terms of the equilibrium phase behavior of the various systems. A key objective is to be able to predict when various types of microemulsions or liquid crystals form between the original detergent solution and oil and when spontaneous emulsification and related interfacial instabilites occur during the solubilization process.