Collaborative Research: (M6) Multicomponent Chemical Equilibria and Reaction Processes in Volcanic Gases

火山中各种气体的释放是复杂的，并且依赖于大量的变量。大多数研究只使用了几种测量和抽样技术。这项研究将增加在一些有其他背景数据的活火山上使用的技术的数量。该项目的长期目标是：1)测试和完善基于气体研究的预测工具；2)评估和改进导致火山喷发的浅层岩浆体普遍存在的条件约束；3)更好地评估火山释放到大气中的挥发物和颗粒。这是一个持续的项目，但在接下来的两年里，重点将放在热力学模型的发展上，其中包括火山气体中的数百种微量物质。将进行均匀和非均匀平衡建模，并将其应用于pi和其他工作人员的现场数据。研究结果有望阐明气体中微量成分的形态、气体羽流和火山喷发口的反应过程，以及控制岩浆挥发的微量成分浓度的变量。收集、分析和地质解释将由Rose和他在密歇根理工大学的同事完成。建模将主要由Reed和他在俄勒冈州的同事完成。预计研究结果的适用性将超越当前的地质问题。

The release of various gases at volcanoes is complex and dependent on a large number of variables. Most studies have used only a few techniques of measuring and sampling. This research will increase the number of techniques used at a few active volcanoes where a background of other data exist. Long-range goals of this project are to: 1) Test and perfect forecasting tools based on gas studies, 2) Evaluate and improve constraints on the conditions prevailing in shallow magma bodies which lead to eruptions, and 3) Make a better assesment of volatiles and particles released to the atmosphere by volcanoes. This is a continuing project, but in the next two years emphasis will be on the development of a thermodynamic model which includes hundreds of trace species in volcanic gases. Both homogeneous and heterogeneous equilibrium modelling will be done, and applied to field data of both the PIs and other workers. Results are expected to clarify the speciation of trace components in gases and the reaction processes in gas plumes and at fumarolic vents, as well as what variables control the concentrations of trace components volatilizing from magmas. Collection, analysis and geologic interpretation will be done by Rose and collegues at Michigan Tech. Modelling will be done primarily by Reed and collegues at Oregon. Results are expected to have applicability beyond the immediate geologic concerns.