Dissemination and Utilization of Results of the U.S. Coordinated Program for Masonry Building Research

在美国和世界范围内，砖石建筑占建筑建筑的很大一部分。由于配筋砌体结构具有明显的经济性、防火安全性、建筑灵活性和施工简便性等特点，在中高地震区的应用日益广泛。目前的砌体结构分析和设计，以及材料和施工技术，无法准确预测建筑物在水平荷载(如地震荷载)下的行为。在美国，砖石建筑的设计和建造方法、规范和标准依赖于工作应力方法、经验规则和确定许用应力值的可疑方法的混合。砌体也是一种复杂的建筑材料，其设计和施工变量众多，影响最终产品的构型及其在地震荷载作用下的反应。为了描述砌体结构的地震反应，有必要建立基本的知识库，以确定符合安全和经济要求的基本设计方法。该研究项目解决了美国砖石建筑研究协调计划中的其他问题和项目。这些措施包括项目研究组成部分之间的数据和信息交换，使用摄影测量来补充面内试件(例如剪力墙)的常规位移测量，以及与适当的规范和监管小组进行沟通和咨询。这些目标将通过研究人员之间的会议、使用电子邮件、引入摄影测量学以加强分析模型开发以及与技术小组建立联系来实现，以确保他们就方案设计建议的形式和内容提供意见。

Masonry construction comprises a large portion of building construction in the U.S. and the world. Reinforced masonry construction use is increasing in moderate to higher seismic zones because of its apparent features of economy, fire safety, architectural flexibility and ease of construction. The present state of masonry structural analysis and design, and materials and construction technologies does not enable an accurate prediction of building behavior under lateral loads such as seismic loads. In the U.S., masonry buildings are designed and built with methods, codes, and standards that rely upon a mixture of working stress methods, empirical rules, and questionable methods for determining allowable stress values. Masonry is also a complex building material because of the large number of design and construction variables which influence the final products configuration and its response under seismic loads. In order to describe the seismic response of masonry buildings it is necessary to develop the fundamental knowledge base to determine basic design methodologies consistent with safety and economic requirement. This research project addresses additional issues and items in the U.S. Coordinated Program for Masonry Building Research. These include data and information exchange between the research components of the program, use of photogrammetry to supplement conventional displacement measurements of in-plane specimens, e.g., shear walls, and communication and consultation with appropriate code and regulatory groups. These objectives will be addressed by meetings between researchers, use of electronic mail, introduction of photogrammetry to enhance analytical model development, and establishing liaison with technical groups to secure their advice regarding the form and content of program design recommendations.