The Accleration and Transport of Particles Energized in Solar Flares and in the Interplanetary Medium

高能粒子研究可以提供重要的见解 许多对日地物理学有重要意义的过程。 例如，太阳能的元素组成 大耀斑中的粒子产生了太阳的成分 日冕，并在系统上不同于光球 以取决于第一电离的方式， 元素的潜力。 这种依赖性至关重要 在理解重离子从 光球到日冕 另一个例子，粒子 太阳系中的许多地方都发生了由激波引起的地震 系统包括日冕和行星际介质， 提供了研究粒子加速的机会， 不同大小和时间尺度的区域。 作为最终 例如，从太阳到太阳的高能粒子的运输 地球通过动荡的行星际介质， 激波加速粒子的输运提供了对 太阳风等离子体的等离子体性质在很大程度上不同 湍流水平。 NSF的这一资助将利用 现有的计算机和程序库，以及 马里兰州大学研究了一些太阳能和 行星际物理问题，在许多情况下， 使用统计调查和/或多航天器攻击 意见。 IMP、ISEE和Voyager上的马里兰州仪器 用于这项研究的是能够区分不同的离子 低能量粒子群中的物种，使得有可能 研究高能粒子现象的独特方面。 拟开展的具体研究包括： 1)太阳粒子加速和传输在小， 脉冲太阳耀斑将使用 详细的粒子传输。 2)行星际冲击加速过程将是 研究使用颗粒成分信息， 将冲击波加速粒子群 太阳耀斑等候选种子种群 粒子 3)行星际上游扩散系数 冲击将从粒子数据中导出， 梯度技术 4)激波加速粒子的径向演化 1和4-5 Au之间的种群将被 表征了 5)行星际介质中的加速过程 产生异常宇宙射线成分， 在湍流区加速离子， 彗星将被探测。

Energetic particle studies can provide essential insights into many processes of importance to solar-terrestrial physics. For example, the elemental composition of solar energetic particles in large flares yields the composition of the solar corona, and is systematically different from the photospheric composition in a manner depending on the first ionization potential of the element. This dependence is of key importance in understanding the transport of heavy ions from the photosphere to the corona. As another example, particle energization by shock waves occurs at many sites in the solar system including the corona and the interplanetary medium, offering the opportunity to study particle acceleration in regions with different sizes and time scales. As a final example, the transport of energetic particles from the sun to the earth through the turbulent interplanetary medium, and the transport of shock accelerated particles give insights into the plasma properties of the solar wind plasma under widely differing levels of turbulence. This NSF grant will take advantage of the existing computers and program libraries, and large data sets at the University of Maryland to investigate a number of solar and interplanetary physics problems which in many cases can be best attacked using statistical surveys and/or multi-spacecraft observations. The Maryland instrument on IMP, ISEE, and Voyager used for this study is able to distinguish different ionic species in low energy particle populations, making it possible to investigate unique aspects of energetic particle phenomena. Specific studies to be undertaken include: 1) Solar particle acceleration and transport in small, impulsive solar flares will be investigated using a detailed particle transport. 2) Interplanetary shock acceleration processes will be studied using particle composition information to compare the shock accelerated particle population with candidate seed populations such as solar flare particles. 3) Upstream diffusion coefficients in interplanetary shocks will be derived from particle data using gradient techniques. 4) The radial evolution of shock accelerated particle populations between 1 and 4-5 AU will be characterized. 5) Acceleration processes in the interplanetary medium produce the Anomalous Cosmic Ray component and accelerate ions in the turbulent regions near comets will be probed.