Dissertation Research: Causes and Consequences of Intrapopulation Variation in Lupinus Nanus (Leguminosae)

开花植物物种在以下方面表现出很大的变化： 它们的交配系统 目前的主流模式之一 用来描述植物交配系统的是混合交配模型。 完美的开花植物被认为是通过一些 自花授粉和异花授粉的结合。 的比例 通过异交事件或异交率产生的种子， 在0和1之间变化。 虽然经验调查 确定了代表整个范围的天然植物种群 理论预测表明， 自然选择应该作用于中间异交 产生完全异交的极端或 完全的自我融合 目前没有经验证据表明， 自然选择的力量作用于中间 异交率来测试这些理论 预测。 拟议的研究将解决进化动力学 中间异交率在自然种群的 一年生加州羽扇豆，矮羽扇豆。 估计 已经对整个非洲的种群进行了异交率研究， 物种的范围，并表现出大量的变化之间 人口，其中大多数人口在 中间利率。 居群间形态变异 被认为是变量的重要决定因素 异交率 异交率的变化也被 同一人口在不同年份的报告， 一个人口中的个体。 拟议的研究将集中在交配系统的变化 在人口中。 将测量单个植物的 形态学、物候学和生态学特征。 自然 将从这些植物中收集授粉种子， 个体的异交率将使用遗传学方法确定。 通过使用淀粉凝胶电泳收集的信息。 此外，人工自花授粉和异花授粉将是 “行，行。 自交和异交后代的成功。 与此 信息，选择对异交率的影响可以 被确定。 除了提供经验证据外， 测试有关交配系统的理论预期 此外，这项研究还将提供一般信息。 植物育种价值。

Flowering plant species exhibit a great deal of variation in their mating systems. One of the dominant paradigms currently used to describe plant mating systems is the mixed-mating model. Perfect flowered plants are understood to reproduce through some combination of self and outcross pollinations. The proportion of seeds produced by outcrossing events, or outcrossing rate, can vary between 0 and 1. While empirical investigations have identified natural plant populations representing the full range of potential outcrossing rates, theoretical predictions suggest that natural selection should act on intermediate outcrossing rates to produce either extreme of complete outcrossing or complete selfing. There is currently no empirical evidence of the forces of natural selection acting upon intermediate outcrossing rates with which to test these theoretical predictions. The proposed research will address the evolutionary dynamics of intermediate outcrossing rates in a natural population of the annual California lupine, Lupinus nanus. Estimates of outcrossing rates have been made for populations throughout the species' range, and demonstrate a great deal of variation between populations, with most of the populations outcrossing at intermediate rates. Morphological variation between populations has been suggested as an important determinant of the variable outcrossing rates. Outcrossing rate variation had also been reported for the same population between years, and for individuals within a population. The proposed research will focus on mating system variation within a population. Individual plants will be measured for morphological, phenological and ecological characters. Naturally pollinated seed will be collected from these plants, and the outcrossing rate for individuals will be determined using genetic information gathered from the use of starch-gel electrophorsis. In addition, artificial self and outcross pollinations will be performed and the seed will be used to assess the relative success of selfed and outcrossed offspring. With this information, the effect of selection on the outcrossing rate can be determined. In addition to providing empirical evidence for testing the theoretical expectations concerning mating system evolution, this study will also provide information of general value of plant breeders.