Life Cycles of Moist Baroclinic Eddies: Mean Flow Adjustment and Modification by Surface Fluxes

通过中纬度、斜压不稳定波的动力热输送与各种物理过程相互作用来控制气候状态。经典不稳定性分析和大量风暴演变的个例研究表明，潜热释放对斜压波的发展有重要贡献。此外，与瞬变斜压涡旋相关的潜热输送已知对热量、动量和水分的气候平衡有重大影响。以前从气候角度对潮湿的斜压不稳定波的研究仅限于少数几种情况，其中只模拟了波谱的聚集效应。这项研究将使用球面原始方程模型研究水汽凝结对斜压不稳定波生命周期的影响。这项研究将侧重于影响气候动态的机制，填补单个风暴研究和一般环流模型中的水文循环研究之间的空白。它将寻求洞察涡旋通量结构的气候学，它与纬向平均状态的相互作用，以及地面通量的影响。由于它强调气候过程，这项研究将集中在天气和行星尺度的波上，当波谱在斜压不稳定气流中受到扰动时，这些波的幅度最大。这项研究具有重要意义，因为它将提高我们对大气环流和水循环之间相互作用的理解。

Dynamical heat transports by mid-latitude, baroclinically unstable waves interact with a variety of physical processes to control the climatic state. Classical instability analyses and numerous case studies of storm evolution indicate an essential contribution by latent heat release to the development of baroclinic waves. In addition, the transport of latent heat associated with transient baroclinic eddies is known to have a significant effect on climatic balances of heat, momentum and moisture. Previous studies of moist baroclinically unstable waves from a climatic perspective have been limited to a few cases where only the aggregate effect of a spectrum of waves have been simulated. This research will investigate the effects of moisture condensation on the life cycles of baroclinically unstable waves using a spherical, primitive equations model. The study will emphasize the mechanisms that affect the dynamics of climate, filling the gap between studies of individual storms and studies of the hydrological cycle in general circulation models. It will seek insight into the climatology of eddy flux structure, its interaction with the zonal mean state and the influence of surface fluxes. Because it emphasizes climatic processes, the study will concentrate on synoptic and planetary-scale waves, which emerge with the largest amplitudes when a spectrum of waves are perturbed in baroclinically unstable flow. This research is important because it should improve our understanding of interactions between atmospheric circulation and the hydrological cycle.