Federal R&D and Industrial Innovative Activity

这个项目的目的是调查联邦研发对工业研发实验室私人研发支出水平及其研发产出构成的影响。利用企业层面的数据，作者对以下理论命题进行了实证检验：1)企业越是必须分享其研发生产的技术知识，自筹资金研发给企业带来的收益就越小（即适宜性问题）；2)联邦研发是对私人研发的补充；(3)在政府产业研发经费水平固定的情况下，企业研发经费的增加会导致研发知识的公共分享水平下降；4)企业分享技术知识的程度在一定程度上取决于政府资助产业研发的标准。研究结果应有助于进一步了解联邦政府在促进工业研发活动和经济增长方面的作用。因此，该项目将有助于基金会履行为科学和技术领域的政策制定提供信息来源的责任。

This purpose of this project is to investigate the influence of Federal R&D on both the level of private R&D spending in industrial R&D laboratories and the composition of their R&D output. Using firm level data, the authors test empirically the theoretical propositions that 1) the more a company must share its R&D-produced technical knowledge, the smaller is the benefit to the company of self-financed R&D (i.e., the appropriability question); 2) Federal R&D complements private R&D; 3) an increase in company-financed R&D, with fixed levels of Government industr- ial R&D funding, results in a decrease in the level of public sharing of the R&D-produced knowledge; and 4) the degree to which firms share their technical knowledge depends to some extent on Government's criteria for funding industrial R&D. The results should provide further understanding of the Federal role in promoting industrial R&D activities and economic growth. The project thereby will contribute to the Foundation's responsibility to provide a source of information for policy formulation in the area of science and technology.