A Critical Review of Masonry Tests and Recommendations for Improved Test Methods

近年来，砌体作为一种工程建筑材料，与混凝土和钢材处于同一等级，但砌体的标准测试程序却没有相应的进步。现有的测试程序不能满足今天的需要，也不能满足未来砌体极限状态设计的需要。美国砌体研究协调计划以及其他国家科学基金会资助的研究已经开发了一个关于砌体，特别是加固砌体的静力和地震反应的广泛数据库。本研究项目利用这些数据对砌体测试标准提出改进建议。该研究确定了砌体试验必须满足的特定需求，以满足与极限状态设计相关的当前需求和未来需求，严格审查现有试验满足这些需求的能力，对现有试验进行必要的修改，并在现有试验缺乏的地方开发新的试验。这项研究的结果是一套仔细记录的建议，用于修改或增加适用于结构的地震和静力性能的测试标准。这些建议为支持其他人或标准编写机构的行动提供了技术基础。

The recent emergence of masonry as an engineered construction material in the same class as concrete and steel has not been matched by equal advancements in standard test procedures for masonry. Existing test procedures do not or are marginal in meeting today's needs and will be grossly inadequate for needs associated with future limit state design for masonry. The U.S. Coordinated Program for Masonry Research as well as other NSF funded research has developed a broad database on the static and earthquake response of masonry especially reinforced masonry. This research project uses these data to recommend needed improvements to masonry testing standards. The research establishes specific needs that masonry tests must fulfill both for current needs and for future needs associated with limit state design, critically reviews the ability of existing tests to meet these needs, it develops required modifications to existing tests, and it develops new tests where existing tests are lacking. The result of this study is a set of carefully documented recommendations for test standard modifications or additions applicable to earthquake and static behavior of structures. These recommendations provide the technical base to support actions by others or by standard writing bodies.