Earthquake Hazards and the Disabled

这项研究将开发一个实验系统来观察和评估三类残疾人士的震后行为--肢体残疾、四肢残疾和视力残疾。四组(三组残疾人和一组非残疾人)将参与这项研究。将建立一个静态房间，以模拟地震对住宅中常见的室内物品和布置的影响。在观看了展示地震震动和影响的视听磁带后，受试者将被要求执行不同的与安全有关的任务，这些任务将在地震影响后立即进行。房间模拟器将能够反映两种级别的地震震动(低震动和高震动)的后遗症。关于乘员行为和表现的一个数据来源将是每个受试者在与安全相关的任务中表现的录像带。将试图确定：a)残疾人与健全人的能力是否不同执行自我保护任务；B)残疾类型是否与任务绩效有关；C)地震烈度如何影响乘员采取自我保护措施的能力。将使用方差分析技术来分析数据。除了为定量实验分析提供数据外，录像带还应该是关于建筑物居住者在地震后应对行为的定性数据的重要来源。

This research will develop an experimental system to observe and evaluate the post- earthquake behavior of individuals with three classes of disabilities - lower extremity, all extremities, and visual. Four groups (three groups of disabled persons and a non-disabled group) will be involved in the study. A static room will be set up to simulate the effect of earthquakes on the interior room objects and arrangements typically found in residential dwellings. After viewing an audio-visual tape showing earthquake shaking and effects, subjects will be asked to perform different safety-related tasks that would be carried out immediately after earthquake impact. The room simulator will be able to reflect the after-effects of two levels of earthquake shaking (low and high). One source of data on occupant behavior and performance will be video tapes of each subject's performance on the safety-related tasks. An attempt will be made to determine: a) Whether disabled persons differ from able-bodied persons in their ability to carry out self-protective tasks; b) Whether the type of disability is related to task performance; c) How earthquake intensity affects occupants' ability to take self- protective measures. Analysis of variance techniques will be used to analyze the data. In addition to providing data for quantitative experimental analysis, the video tapes should be an important source of qualitative data on the coping behavior of building occupants following earthquakes.