Implementation of the Convention on the Regulation of Antarctic Mineral Resources Activities

1988年6月，20个国家（包括美国）谈判并签署了一项 南极矿产资源活动管理公约。 各国目前正在考虑批准该公约。 如果 20个签署国中有16个批准了该公约， 南极矿物的勘探和开发。 目前没有 有一个机制来管理这些活动。 在美国， 批准需要参议院三分之二的赞成票， 总统的批准。 建议在Keystone设计和举办一个讲习班， 关于执行公约的中心。 讲习班 将根据可能批准的情况审查《公约》， 在美国实施。 对话框将使感兴趣的 小组与相关的联邦机构进行互动，并讨论 实施的影响。 将包括对 南极洲未来矿物开发的可能性， 潜在的困难和环境问题， 南极矿产资源开发，并确定可能的 联邦机构的新职责。 我们的目标是 促进有关各方之间的沟通和信息交流 团体和联邦机构作为机构开始考虑 执行矿物制度的战略。 Keystone中心将 准备并分发报告。 指导委员会应确定讲习班的议程，并决定 对参与者。 指导委员会应由下列人员组成： 八人组成的四个联邦机构的雇员代表 参与制定《公约》的机构和/或 四名非联邦人士， 对任何联邦立法的结果有利害关系的团体 关于公约。 代表的四个联邦机构应 国家科学基金会，国务院， 内政部（矿产管理局）和商务部 （NOAA）。 八名委员会成员将制定议程， 在协商一致的基础上确定研讨会的受邀者名单。 Keystone中心是一个成立于1975年的非营利组织， 在制定政策方面提供中立论坛的良好记录 自然资源、科学、技术和卫生领域。 Robert W. 克雷格，其创始人和总裁，管理其两个主要项目， 科学和公共政策以及科学学校的发展。 他 背景还包括工业设计和规划，人文 研究，并领导探险，以一些世界上最高的 山脉 最近，他在国家科学基金会的 美国南极计划安全审查小组。 他有硕士学位 在哲学上。 克雷格先生将指导研讨会。 Michael T. Lesnick 开展冲突管理培训，并教授自然资源管理课程， 资源冲突管理理论 他拥有博士学位。自然 资源政策和环境争端解决。 莱斯尼克医生会 担任研讨会的联合主任。

In June 1988, 20 nations (including the USA) negotiated and signed a Convention on the Regulation of Antarctic Mineral Resource Activities. Each nation is now considering ratification of the convention. If ratified by 16 of the 20 signing nations, the convention will govern exploration for and exploitation of antarctic minerals. Currently no mechanism is in place to govern such activities. In the USA, ratification requires consent by a two-thirds vote in the Senate and approval by the President. The proposal is to design and conduct a workshop at the Keystone Center concerning the implementation of the convention. The workshop will examine the convention in light of its potential ratification and implementation in the United States. The dialog will enable interested groups to interact with involved Federal agencies and to discuss the impacts of implementation. Included will be evaluation of the likelihood of future mineral development in Antarctica, assessment of the potential difficulties and environmental concerns related to antarctic mineral resource development, and identification of possible new responsibilities for Federal agencies. The goal will be to promote communication and information exchange between interested groups and Federal agencies as the agencies begin to consider strategies to implement the minerals regime. The Keystone Center will prepare and distribute a report. A steering committee shall set the agenda for the workshop and decide upon the participants. The steering committee shall be made up of eight people consisting of four Federal agency employees representing agencies involved in the development of the convention and/or implementation legislation and four non-Federal persons representing groups having interests in the outcome of any Federal legislation concerning the convention. The four Federal agencies represented shall be National Science Foundation, Department of State, Department of Interior (Minerals Management Service) and Department of Commerce (NOAA). The eight committee members will be develop the agenda and list of invitees to the workshop on a consensus basis. The Keystone Center, a nonprofit organization founded in 1975, has a proved record of providing neutral fora for policy formulation in the areas of natural resources, science, technology, and health. Robert W. Craig, its founder and president, manages its two major programs in science and public policy and science school development. His background also includes industrial design and planning, humanistic studies, and leadership of expeditions to some of the world's highest mountains. Recently, he served on the National Science Foundation's U.S. Antarctic Program Safety Review Panel. He has a master's degree in philosophy. Mr. Craig will direct the workshop. Michael T. Lesnick conducts training in conflict management and has taught natural resource conflict management theory. He holds a Ph.D. in natural resource policy and environmental dispute resolution. Dr. Lesnick will be co-director of the workshop.