Mechanics of Food Capture by Copepods

许多浮游动物使用具刚毛的附属物来捕获食物或分子，并游泳或推进水。继续研究这种附属物移动水和分离颗粒的物理机制，将有助于理解附属物形状和机械功能的生态和进化意义。尺足类摄食的第二上颌骨(M2‘S)是最重要的，这是因为桡足类摄食的生态重要性，以及M2’S以不同的速度运行的形态和行为的多样性，预计功能将发生转变。基于从扫描电子显微镜和高速显微摄影技术收集的各种桡足类动物的数据，动态缩放的物理模型将被用于：1)测试这些附肢的流体动力学数学模型的预测，以及2)调查形态特征和行为太复杂而无法用数学处理的性能后果。这项研究将展示身体形状、附肢形态、拍打运动学和相邻附肢运动的明确方面如何影响第二上颌骨的漏气性、捕获范围、颗粒选择性、阻力和功率要求。

Many planktonic animals use setulose appendages to capture food or molecules, and to swim or propel water. Continued investigations into the physical mechanisms by which such appendages move water and separate particles from it will provide understanding of ecological and evolutionary meaning of shape and mechanical function of the appendages. The food- capturing second maxillae (M2's) of calanoid copepods are of primary importance because of the ecological importance of copepod feeding, and because of the diversity of morphologies and behaviors of M2's operatiang at a range of velocities where transitions in function are expected to occur. Dynamically- scaled physical models, based on data gathered from SEM and high-speed microcinematography of a variety of copepods, will be used: 1) to test predictions of mathematical models of the hydrodynamics of these appendages, and 2) to investigate the performance consequences of morphological features and behaviors too complicated to address mathematically. The investigation will show how defined aspects of body shape, appendage morphology, flapping kinematics, and motions of neighboring appendages affect the leakiness, capture range, particle-selectivity, drag, and power requirements of second maxillae.