Infrared Measurements in the Antarctica

该奖项将继续对痕量大气气体的测量，这些气体被认为对每年南极臭氧空洞的形成很重要，对控制地球的辐射平衡也很重要。将使用两种技术。在麦克默多，与新西兰南极研究计划一起，利用太阳作为红外辐射源的红外吸收测量将在臭氧空洞期间继续进行，就像过去几年一样。在南极安装了一台新仪器，它将测量冬季（极夜）发射的大气红外辐射以及夏季吸收的太阳辐射。这台仪器每天都要操作。在这两种情况下，要覆盖的波数区域将是750-4000逆厘米。应检测的气体包括臭氧空洞期间的盐酸、硝酸、二氧化氮、硝酸氯、氧化亚氮、甲烷、臭氧和氯氟烃11和12 (F11和F12)，以及南极上空硝酸、臭氧、水蒸气的总柱丰度。F11及F12为全年连续计算。这些测量不仅对更好地了解导致臭氧消耗的平流层化学很重要，而且对确定具有重要辐射意义的微量物质（RITS）如何影响地球气候也很重要。这项研究是由美国国家科学基金会的大气化学、极地航空和天体物理学项目以及美国国家航空航天局的高层大气研究项目共同支持的。

This award will continue the measurement of trace atmospheric gases that are considered to be important to the formation of the annual antarctic ozone hole and also are important for controlling the Earth's radiation balance. Two techniques will be used. At McMurdo, in conjunction with the New Zealand Antarctic Research Program, infrared absorption measurements using the sun as an infrared radiation source will continued during the time of the ozone hole, as they have for the past few years. A new instrument has been installed at South Pole that will measure emitted atmospheric infrared radiation in the winter (polar night) as well as absorbed solar radiation in the summer. This instrument will be operated every day. In both cases the wave number region to be covered will be 750-4000 inverse centimeters. The gases that should be detected include hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, nitrogen dioxide, chlorine nitrate, nitrous oxide, methane, ozone and the chlorofluorocarbons 11 and 12 (F11 and F12) during the time of the ozone hole and the total column abundances over South Pole of nitric acid, ozone, water vapor, F11 and F12 on a continuous basis for the entire year. The measurements are not only important for achieving a better understanding of the stratospheric chemistry that causes the ozone depletion but also for determining how radiatively important trace species (RITS) are affecting the Earth's climate. This research is jointly supported by the Atmospheric Chemistry and Polar Aeronomy and Astrophysics programs at NSF and also by the Upper Atmospheric Research Program at NASA.