Autonomy and Power in the Neurosciences

科学、技术和社会伦理与价值研究支持研究控制科学技术发展和使用的智力和价值背景。通过对神经科学的案例研究，在定量信息的背景下，本项目将探索科学中自主与权力之间的关系。该研究提出了一个问题：“神经科学是如何在科学世界中有组织地立足的？”他们获得了多大程度的自主权，以什么为基础？”它将探讨在1965年至1985年期间神经科学快速机构扩张的登记，信任和合法性概念的效用。这种发展可以被看作是一种运动，一种来自许多领域的研究人员的广泛而松散的联盟，这种联盟越来越多地扎根于科学找到资源的组织——专业协会、指定的资助项目、研究所和部门。这项研究基于对专业协会发展、政府资助项目以及成功和不成功部门的比较案例研究，将记录该领域的演变，并确定促成这种出现的政治、经济和社会因素。它也将有助于我们理解和评估科学的政治社会学理论。成果将包括期刊文章、学术专著或章节，以及在支持神经科学研究的专业协会会议和政府机构上的演讲。如何在科学中设定目标并使之合法化的问题是科学、技术和社会研究的核心问题。在合适的机构中，一位高素质的年轻研究者建议通过研究一个快速发展且本质上有趣的科学领域的发展来解决这个问题。这项研究有望有助于我们更广泛地了解它的发展和科学进步。研究方法恰当；结果可能是可访问的和重要的广大受众。强烈建议提供支持。

Ethics and Values Studies in Science, Technology and Society supports research that examines the intellectual and value contexts that govern the development and use of science and technology. Through case studies in the neurosciences, set against a background of quantitative information, this project will explore the relationship between autonomy and power in the sciences. The research asks, "How have the neurosciences managed to anchor themselves organizationally in the world of science? How much autonomy have they achieved, and on what basis?" It will explore the utility of the concepts of enrollment, trust, and legitimation in accounting for the rapid institutional expansion of the neurosciences during the period 1965-1985. This development can be seen as a movement, a broad, loose coalition of researchers from a number of areas that has become increasingly anchored in the organizations where science finds its resources -- professional societies, designated funding programs, institutes and departments. The research -- based on comparative case studies of the development of professional societies, government funding programs, and successful and unsuccessful departments -- will both document the evolution of the field and identify political, economic and social factors contributing to that emergence. It will also contribute to our understanding and assessment of theory underlying the political sociology of science. Outcomes will include journal articles, scholarly monographs or chapters, and presentations at professional society meetings and in government agencies that support neuroscience research. Questions of how goals get set and legitimated in the sciences are central to research in science, technology and society studies. A highly qualified young investigator at an appropriate institution proposes to address this question, by studying developments in a fast moving and intrinsically interesting scientific field. The research promises to contribute to our understanding of its development and of scientific progress more broadly. The research methods are appropriate; results are likely to be accessible and significant to a broad audience. Support is highly recommended.