The Hydrodynamics of Phytoplankton Removal in Benthic Boundary Layers by Filter-Feeding Bivalves

该项目将继续进行流体的实验研究 湍流边界层中颗粒去除机理 悬浮进食的双壳软体动物。 在本次颁奖期间， 速度和浓度的广泛测量（溶质不 在实验室中对两组模型双壳类的粒子场进行了研究 将检查水槽。 这些实验的目的是 量化近床流体动力学的影响，即，的影响 在出流射流和湍流边界层流中， 浮游植物生物量从水柱到 滤食性双壳类动物。 从《公约》获得的资料 实验将用于制定和操作数值 浅水河口浮游植物生物量动态模型， 比如说旧金山弗朗西斯科湾。 实验也将在USGS水槽设施进行， 确定近床流体动力学对双壳类摄食的影响 行为 特别是，横流速度对 泵送速率、方向、位置和虹吸高度， 通常在旧金山弗朗西斯科湾发现的双壳类物种将是 考察 这些信息对于理解 浓度边界层对微藻摄食策略的影响 双壳类，并将用于解释的结果， 物理测量在斯坦福大学的新设施。 从广义上讲，该项目的重点是了解 水动力过程对底栖-中上层 在河口和浅海岸沃茨的耦合。 一个主要目标 就是将这种理解转化为一种能力 来预测给定水体中的水流环境 可能会影响这种耦合的性质， 浮游植物群落和底栖悬浮物群落 可能会出现喂食器。 这是一个极好的问题， 说明了物理和生物过程是如何 以及如何使用建模来开发一个 理解这种耦合。

This project will continue experimental studies of the fluid mechanics of particle removal in turbulent boundary layers by suspension-feeding bivalve mollusks. During this award period, extensive measurements of velocity and concentration (solutes not particles) fields over two sets of model bivalves in a laboratory flume will be examined. The purpose of these experiments is to quantify the effects of near-bed hydrodynamics, i.e., the effects of both the excurrent jets and the turbulent boundary layer flow, on the flux of phytoplankton biomass from the water column to filter-feeding bivalves. The information obtained in the experiments will be used in formulating and operating numerical models of phytoplankton biomass dynamics in shallow estuaries, like San Francisco Bay. Experiments will also be conducted at the USGS flume facility to determine the effect of near bed hydrodynamics on bivalve feeding behavior. In particular, the effect of cross flow velocities on pumping rates, orientations, positions, and siphon heights of two species of bivalves commonly found in San Francisco Bay will be examined. This information is crucial to understanding the effects of concentration boundary layers on feeding strategies of bivalves and will be used to interpret the results of the physical measurements made in the new facility at Stanford. In its broadest terms, this project is focussed on understanding the effects of hydrodynamics processes on benthic-pelagic coupling in estuaries and shallow coastal waters. A major goal of the project is to translate that understanding into an ability to predict how the flow environment in a given body of water might affect the nature of this coupling for whatever phytoplankton assemblages and communities of benthic suspension feeders might be present. This is an excellent problem for illustrating how physical and biological processes are intertwined and how modelling might be used to develop an understanding of this coupling.