Collaborative Research: Mass Transfer Due to Oscillatory Flow Over Coral Reefs

合作研究:珊瑚礁上振荡流引起的质量传递

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    0117859
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 29.01万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2001
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2001-10-01 至 2005-09-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The relationship between new production, organic carbon cycling, and nutrientuptake into coral reef systems is not well understood. Nutrient uptake into experimentalcoral reef communities has been shown to be mass-transfer limited, or limited by the rate at which nutrients can be physically delivered to the active surfaces of reef autotrophs. A set of simple, mass transfer relationships have been developed to predict uptake of dissolved inorganic nutrients. These relationships were derived from experiments which were conducted in 10-20 m long flumes and under steady, non-oscillatory flow conditions. Drs. Atkinson and Monismith reason that these mass transfer equations are inappropriate for understanding nutrient uptake by shallow-water reef communities in natural reef environments, where wave-drive water motion dominates the surrounding flow field. They have argued with both theoretical and empirical evidence that there should be some enhancement of mass transfer due to oscillatory flow. They emphasize that there are no mass transfer studies with both waves and naturally rough surfaces and that this is a problem unique to the study of benthic ecosystems. The project has three general goals: 1) To understand how waves influence rates of mass transfer to naturally roughsurfaces; 2) To determine how waves influence nutrient uptake into reef communitiesadapted to wave-driven flow environments; 3) To actually demonstrate that waves enhance in situ rates of nutrient uptakeby natural reef communities.To achieve these goals, these scientists propose an interlocking set of two lab studies and one field study. The first of these, a laboratory experiment on nutrient uptake by a coral community under both steady and oscillating flow conditions, will be conducted at the HIMB lab on Coconut Island. The second, a detailed study of the fluid mechanics ofstress and mass transfer over corals will be carried out at the Environmental FluidMechanics Laboratory at Stanford. Finally, to test the application of the lab results, aseries of field experiments will be carried out to determine whether rates of nutrientuptake by natural reef communities under wave-driven flow conditions are positivelycorrelated with incident wave energy, and, to determine whether these rates scale withestimates of bottom shear stress according to mass transfer correlations derived fromlaboratory experiments. Results of these experiments will give us the quantitative basis to determine thespatial variability in rates of nutrient uptake into reef communities, and to promote anunderstanding of how the dynamic physical environment typical of reef communitiesmay be defining their metabolism.
新的生产,有机碳循环和营养摄入到珊瑚礁系统之间的关系还没有得到很好的理解。实验性珊瑚礁群落的营养吸收已被证明是质量转移有限的,或受营养物质物理传递到珊瑚礁自养生物活性表面的速率限制。已经开发了一套简单的传质关系来预测溶解无机营养素的吸收。这些关系式是从在10-20米长的水槽中进行的稳定、无振荡水流条件下的实验中得出的。Atkinson和Monismith博士认为,这些传质方程不适合理解天然珊瑚礁环境中浅水珊瑚礁群落的营养吸收,在天然珊瑚礁环境中,波浪驱动的水运动主导着周围的流场。他们用理论和经验证据论证了由于振荡流应该有某种质量传递的增强。他们强调,没有对波浪和自然粗糙表面进行质量转移研究,这是研究海底生态系统所特有的问题。 该项目有三个总的目标:1)了解波浪如何影响天然粗糙表面的物质转移速率; 2)确定波浪如何影响适应波浪驱动流环境的珊瑚礁群落的营养吸收; 3)实际证明波浪能提高天然珊瑚礁群落对营养物质的原位吸收率。为了实现这些目标,这些科学家提出了一套由两项实验室研究和一项实地研究组成的环环相扣的方案。其中第一个是在稳定和振荡水流条件下珊瑚群落营养吸收的实验室实验,将在椰子岛的HIMB实验室进行。第二,将在斯坦福大学的环境流体力学实验室对珊瑚上的压力和质量转移的流体力学进行详细研究。最后,为了测试实验室结果的应用,将进行一系列的现场实验,以确定是否nutrientuptake率由天然珊瑚礁群落波驱动流条件下与入射波能量呈正相关,并确定这些率是否规模与底部剪切应力的估计,根据传质相关性来自实验室实验。这些实验的结果将给我们定量的基础,以确定营养吸收率的空间变异到珊瑚礁社区,并促进anunderstanding如何动态的物理环境典型的珊瑚礁communitiesmay定义他们的新陈代谢。

项目成果

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Stephen Monismith其他文献

Stephen Monismith的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Stephen Monismith', 18)}}的其他基金

Collaborative Research: Kelp forest hydrodynamics: observations of drag and cross-shore exchange on the inner shelf
合作研究:海带森林流体动力学:内陆架阻力和跨岸交换的观测
  • 批准号:
    2022927
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 29.01万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Wavy turbulent flow over a coral reef: vertical structure and fluxes
珊瑚礁上的波浪状湍流:垂直结构和通量
  • 批准号:
    1948189
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 29.01万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Wave driven flow through a shallow, fringing reef
合作研究:波浪驱动流过浅层岸礁
  • 批准号:
    1536502
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 29.01万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Turbulent mixing by nearshore internal bores
近岸内孔的湍流混合
  • 批准号:
    1235552
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 29.01万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Lateral mixing and dispersion on the inner shelf
合作研究:内架横向混合与分散
  • 批准号:
    0926340
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 29.01万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Turbulent fluxes and boundary layer structure due to near-shore internal tides
合作研究:近岸内潮汐引起的湍流通量和边界层结构
  • 批准号:
    0824972
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 29.01万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Wave-Driven Flows over Coral Reefs and their Effects on Lagoon-Ocean Exchange
珊瑚礁上的波浪驱动流及其对泻湖-海洋交换的影响
  • 批准号:
    0622967
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 29.01万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Coupled Carbon and Phosphorus Cycling
合作研究:耦合碳磷循环
  • 批准号:
    0452800
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 29.01万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Small-scale flow variability inside branched coral colonies: Computations and experimental verification
分支珊瑚群落内的小规模流量变化:计算和实验验证
  • 批准号:
    0425312
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 29.01万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research Proposal: Development of a Combined In Situ Particle Imaging Velocimeter / Fluorescence Imaging System
合作研究提案:开发组合式原位粒子成像测速仪/荧光成像系统
  • 批准号:
    0220213
  • 财政年份:
    2002
  • 资助金额:
    $ 29.01万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant

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