Collaborative Research: Kelp forest hydrodynamics: observations of drag and cross-shore exchange on the inner shelf

合作研究:海带森林流体动力学:内陆架阻力和跨岸交换的观测

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    2022927
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 56.61万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2020-10-01 至 2024-09-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Kelp forests are common to many mid-latitude coasts, and they are among the most valuable inner shelf habitats for fisheries, recreation, and possibly biological carbon fixation. This project seeks to quantify the wave-dependent drag forces and associated hydrodynamic mechanisms by which giant kelp mediates flow conditions in inner shelf habitats. The frictional drag generated by individual kelp plants and whole kelp forests strongly influence circulation and transport in coastal habitats. However, at present it is not possible to incorporate these effects into coastal circulation models. High-resolution field measurements will be used to develop parameterizations of drag on a whole kelp forest in the presence of coastal currents, surface waves, and internal waves, that will be suitable for use in inner shelf circulation models. The analysis will seek to quantify the magnitude by which kelp forests affect cross-shore exchange on the inner shelf and to determine the mechanisms that mitigate cross-shore exchange in the presence of kelp so that the findings may be generalized to any kelp forest environment. This is relevant to understanding coastal environmental flows and their interactions with a range of types of aquatic vegetation in both natural systems and for large-scale aquaculture and ecosystem management. Understanding their hydrodynamics is thus important to management of coastal waters, as well as to designing natural restoration areas and potential aquaculture systems. Given the rapid development in high resolution circulation models as decision-analysis tools for coastal zone management, including the potentially large hydrodynamic effects of kelp forests can be an essential prerequisite to producing accurate predictions of inner shelf flows. Thus, one particular focus of the project will be to develop a new model for kelp drag in terms of mean currents and wave velocities incorporating simple measures of kelp configuration and biomass that can be used in coastal circulation models. Given the fundamental roles hydrodynamics play in shaping kelp forest ecology through its effects on biogeochemistry and on the transport of larvae, advancing our understanding of kelp forest hydrodynamics will be of use to a wide range of researchers and resource agencies. Moreover, given the large body of ongoing work focused on the Pt. Loma kelp forest, as well as its fundamental importance to the California coastal ocean due to its large size, the results of this study should be of particular use to local scientists and managers. Accordingly, the data collected will also be archived on SCOOS servers as well as on the NODC database. The project will also support graduate education, post-doctoral professional development, and public outreach.The central theme of the project will be to quantify depth-dependent drag associated with flow imposed on flexible vegetative structures – kelp plants in currents and waves – where the movement of the kelp is both influenced by, and in turn mediates, the overall hydrodynamic conditions. Thus, the research will delineate mechanisms of the complex feedbacks between environmental flows and aquatic vegetation that can span the entire water column. While past studies in the field and in the lab have examined elements of this interaction, e.g. changes in mean flows or wave velocity fields by kelp, this study will provide a holistic view of kelp forest hydrodynamics particularly including motion of the kelp. Whereas, in previous field studies kelp drag has always been estimated in ad hoc ways, here it will be measured directly. Quantitative analysis of field observations will test three key hypotheses: (1) Movement of the plants in the presence of waves and sheltering effects that develop when kelp-plant density is sufficiently high are O(1) determinants of mean drag. This hypothesis implies that drag of a whole kelp forest is not a simple linear function of the number of individual kelp plants, but depends on interactions between scale and spacing of individual drag elements and their movement in imposed flows. (2) Wave-current interactions and frequency dependent radiation stress alter the flow field in and around kelp forests. These flow effects along with damping of high frequency internal waves and internal tides and increased diurnal thermal stratification imply that (3a) the presence of a kelp forest can locally enhance cross-shore exchange between the kelp forest and the offshore ocean environment and (3b) a kelp forest acts as a partial barrier that reduces transport between the offshore region and the very near shore region inshore of the kelp. The latter hypothesis predicts the presence of kelp forests can have important consequences for altering circulation and residence time near shore.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
海带森林在许多中纬度海岸很常见,它们是渔业、娱乐和可能的生物固碳最有价值的内陆架栖息地之一。这个项目试图量化依赖于波浪的阻力和相关的水动力学机制,巨藻通过这些机制来调节内陆架栖息地的流动条件。个别海带植物和整个海带森林产生的摩擦阻力强烈影响沿海生境的循环和运输。然而,目前还不可能将这些影响纳入海岸环流模式。高分辨率的现场测量将被用来发展在海岸流、表面波和内波存在的情况下整个海藻森林上的阻力的参数化,这将适用于内陆架环流模式。这项分析将力求量化海藻森林对内陆架跨界交换的影响程度,并确定在有海藻存在的情况下减缓跨界交换的机制,以便将研究结果推广到任何海藻森林环境。这与了解沿海环境流量及其与两个自然系统中各种类型的水生植被的相互作用以及大规模水产养殖和生态系统管理有关。因此,了解它们的水动力学对于沿海水域的管理以及设计自然恢复区和潜在的水产养殖系统都很重要。鉴于作为海岸带管理决策分析工具的高分辨率环流模式的迅速发展,包括海藻森林潜在的巨大水动力效应在内的环流模式,可能是准确预测内陆架流动的必要先决条件。因此,该项目的一个特别重点将是开发一种新的海藻阻力模型,该模型以平均海流和波速为依据,包括可用于沿海环流模型的海藻形态和生物量的简单测量。鉴于水动力学通过其对生物地球化学和幼虫运输的影响而在塑造海带森林生态中所起的基础性作用,加深我们对海带森林水动力学的理解将对广泛的研究人员和资源机构有用。此外,鉴于目前正在进行的大量工作集中在PT上。由于洛马海带森林面积大,对加州沿海海洋的基本重要性,这项研究的结果应该对当地科学家和管理人员特别有用。因此,收集到的数据也将存档在SCOOS服务器和NODC数据库上。该项目还将支持研究生教育、博士后专业发展和公众出行。该项目的中心主题将是量化与水流施加在灵活的植被结构上的水流相关的深度阻力--水流和波浪中的海带植物--在这些结构中,海藻的运动既受整体水动力条件的影响,又反过来调节整体水动力条件。因此,这项研究将描绘跨越整个水柱的环境流和水生植被之间复杂反馈的机制。虽然过去在野外和实验室中的研究已经检查了这种相互作用的要素,例如海带在平均流动或波速场中的变化,但这项研究将提供对海带森林水动力学的整体看法,特别是包括海带的运动。然而,在以前的实地研究中,海带阻力总是以特别的方式估计,这里将直接测量它。野外观测的定量分析将检验三个关键假设:(1)海带植物密度足够高时,波浪作用下植物的移动和遮挡效应是平均阻力的O(1)决定因素。这一假设表明,整个海带森林的阻力不是单个海带植物数量的简单线性函数,而是取决于单个阻力元素的规模和间距以及它们在外加流动中的运动之间的相互作用。(2)波-流相互作用和频率相关辐射应力改变了海带林内和周围的流场。这些流动效应,加上高频内波和内潮的衰减以及日间热层结的增加,意味着(3a)海带森林的存在可以局部地加强海带森林和近海海洋环境之间的跨岸交换,(3b)海带森林起到了部分屏障的作用,减少了离岸区域和海带近岸区域之间的运输。后一种假设预测,海带森林的存在可能会对改变循环和在海岸附近的停留时间产生重要影响。这一裁决反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(4)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Kelp Forest Drag Coefficients Derived from Tidal Flow Data
由潮汐流数据得出的海带森林阻力系数
  • DOI:
    10.1007/s12237-022-01098-2
  • 发表时间:
    2022
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2.7
  • 作者:
    Monismith, Stephen;Alnajjar, Maha;Daly, Margaret;Valle-Levinson, Arnoldo;Juarez, Braulio;Fagundes, Matheus;Bell, Tom;Woodson, C. Brock
  • 通讯作者:
    Woodson, C. Brock
Influence of Kelp Forest Biomass on Nearshore Currents
海带林生物量对近岸海流的影响
  • DOI:
    10.1029/2021jc018333
  • 发表时间:
    2022
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Monismith, Stephen G.;Alnajjar, Maha W.;Woodson, C. Brock;Boch, Charles A.;Hernandez, Arturo;Vazquez‐Vera, Leonardo;Bell, Tom W.;Micheli, Fiorenza
  • 通讯作者:
    Micheli, Fiorenza
Persistence of southern California giant kelp beds and alongshore variation in nutrient exposure driven by seasonal upwelling and internal waves
南加州巨型海带床的持续存在以及季节性上升流和内波驱动的沿岸营养物暴露变化
  • DOI:
    10.3389/fmars.2023.1007789
  • 发表时间:
    2023
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.7
  • 作者:
    Leichter, James J.;Ladah, Lydia B.;Parnell, P. Ed;Stokes, M. Dale;Costa, Matthew T.;Fumo, James;Dayton, Paul K.
  • 通讯作者:
    Dayton, Paul K.
Large global variations in the carbon dioxide removal potential of seaweed farming due to biophysical constraints
  • DOI:
    10.1038/s43247-023-00833-2
  • 发表时间:
    2023-06-15
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    7.9
  • 作者:
    Arzeno-Soltero, Isabella B.;Saenz, Benjamin T.;Davis, Kristen A.
  • 通讯作者:
    Davis, Kristen A.
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Stephen Monismith其他文献

Stephen Monismith的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Stephen Monismith', 18)}}的其他基金

Wavy turbulent flow over a coral reef: vertical structure and fluxes
珊瑚礁上的波浪状湍流:垂直结构和通量
  • 批准号:
    1948189
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 56.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Wave driven flow through a shallow, fringing reef
合作研究:波浪驱动流过浅层岸礁
  • 批准号:
    1536502
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 56.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Turbulent mixing by nearshore internal bores
近岸内孔的湍流混合
  • 批准号:
    1235552
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 56.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Lateral mixing and dispersion on the inner shelf
合作研究:内架横向混合与分散
  • 批准号:
    0926340
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 56.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Turbulent fluxes and boundary layer structure due to near-shore internal tides
合作研究:近岸内潮汐引起的湍流通量和边界层结构
  • 批准号:
    0824972
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 56.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Wave-Driven Flows over Coral Reefs and their Effects on Lagoon-Ocean Exchange
珊瑚礁上的波浪驱动流及其对泻湖-海洋交换的影响
  • 批准号:
    0622967
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 56.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Coupled Carbon and Phosphorus Cycling
合作研究:耦合碳磷循环
  • 批准号:
    0452800
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 56.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Small-scale flow variability inside branched coral colonies: Computations and experimental verification
分支珊瑚群落内的小规模流量变化:计算和实验验证
  • 批准号:
    0425312
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 56.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research Proposal: Development of a Combined In Situ Particle Imaging Velocimeter / Fluorescence Imaging System
合作研究提案:开发组合式原位粒子成像测速仪/荧光成像系统
  • 批准号:
    0220213
  • 财政年份:
    2002
  • 资助金额:
    $ 56.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Mass Transfer Due to Oscillatory Flow Over Coral Reefs
合作研究:珊瑚礁上振荡流引起的质量传递
  • 批准号:
    0117859
  • 财政年份:
    2001
  • 资助金额:
    $ 56.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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Collaborative research: Patterns, causes, and consequences of synchrony in giant kelp populations
合作研究:巨型海带种群同步性的模式、原因和后果
  • 批准号:
    2140335
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 56.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Patterns, causes, and consequences of synchrony in giant kelp populations
合作研究:巨型海带种群同步性的模式、原因和后果
  • 批准号:
    2023474
  • 财政年份:
    2020
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    $ 56.61万
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    Standard Grant
Collaborative research: Patterns, causes, and consequences of synchrony in giant kelp populations
合作研究:巨型海带种群同步性的模式、原因和后果
  • 批准号:
    2023718
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 56.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Kelp forest hydrodynamics: observations of drag and cross-shore exchange on the inner shelf
合作研究:海带森林流体动力学:内陆架阻力和跨岸交换的观测
  • 批准号:
    2022959
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    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 56.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative research: Patterns, causes, and consequences of synchrony in giant kelp populations
合作研究:巨型海带种群同步性的模式、原因和后果
  • 批准号:
    2023523
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    2020
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    $ 56.61万
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Collaborative research: Patterns, causes, and consequences of synchrony in giant kelp populations
合作研究:巨型海带种群同步性的模式、原因和后果
  • 批准号:
    2023555
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    2020
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    $ 56.61万
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Collaborative Research: RUI: Building a mechanistic understanding of water column chemistry alteration by kelp forests: emerging contributions of foundation species
合作研究:RUI:建立对海带森林水柱化学变化的机械理解:基础物种的新贡献
  • 批准号:
    1737176
  • 财政年份:
    2017
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    $ 56.61万
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合作研究:RUI:建立对海带森林水柱化学变化的机械理解:基础物种的新贡献
  • 批准号:
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Collaborative Research: The effect of inbreeding on metapopulation dynamics of the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera
合作研究:近交对巨藻Macrocystis Pyrifera 集合种群动态的影响
  • 批准号:
    1233288
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Collaborative Research: The effect of inbreeding on metapopulation dynamics of the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera
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