Scattering from Liquid Surfaces: Construction Funds for Beamline Xl9C at The National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory

这项来自化学研究仪器项目的奖励将帮助芝加哥大学化学系更新国家同步加速器光源的X19C光束线，该光束线将用于以下化学领域的研究调查：1)测定由聚合物、脂类、溶致性和热致性液晶组成的复杂流体的表面结构；2)测定液态金属-蒸汽和液态金属-液体介电界面的结构；(3)液-气和液-液界面处两亲分子单层结构。表面敏感的x射线散射技术被用来研究发生在液体界面的现象。这些技术要求x射线源具有高亮度，也就是说，通常必须使用同步加速器源。由于界面处的散射分子数量很少，所研究的有机化合物的本征散射功率很低，并且掠入射布拉格衍射所需的光束尺寸很小，因此需要高亮度光源。这些技术的潜在技术应用领域将由将提供的仪器实现，包括用于改善润滑和附着力的聚合物表面和界面、复合材料的凝聚力、合成薄膜、涂层和电极。

This award from the Chemistry Research Instrumentation Program will help the Department of Chemistry at the University of Chicago renovate the beamline X19C at the National Synchrotron Light Source, which will be used in research investigations in the following areas of chemistry: 1) determination of the structure of surfaces of complex fluids composed of polymers, lipids, lyotropic and thermotropic liquid crystals, 2) the structure of the liquid metal-vapor and liquid metal-liquid dielectric interfaces, and 3) the structure of monolayers of amphiphiles at the liquid-vapor and liquid-liquid interface. Surface sensitive x-ray scattering techniques are used to study phenomena occuring at liquid interfaces. These techniques require that the x-ray source have high brilliance, i.e., typically a synchrotron source must be used. A high-brillance source is needed because the number of scattering molecules at the interface is very small, the intrinsic scattering power of the organic compound of interest is very low, and the beam size required for grazing incidence Bragg diffraction is very small. The areas of potential technological application of the techniques which will be enabled by the instrumentation which will be provided are polymer surfaces and interfaces for improved lubrication and adhesion, cohesion of composite materials, synthetic thin films, coatings, and electrodes.