Quantum Properties of Systems at Ultralow Temperatures

超流氦-3已被确认为p波配对系统，具有令人想起超导体的各向同性能隙。然而，理论上的图景仍然模糊不清。有人建议在远低于相变的温度下使用超声波测量对破裂能量，并由此获得能隙的值。将研究从饱和蒸汽压到熔融压力的整个压力范围。其他实验计划在重费米子系统和一维海森堡反铁磁体上进行。这项研究旨在澄清在接近绝对零度的温度下，围绕着块状物质的量子力学性质的一些谜题。

Superfluid helium-3 has been identified as a p-wave pairing system, possessing an isotropic energy gap reminiscent of a superconductor. The theoretical picture remains clouded, however. It is proposed to measure the pair-breaking energy, using ultrasound at a temperature well below the phase transition, and from that obtain a value for the energy gap. The entire pressure range from saturation vapor pressure to melting pressure will be investigated. Other experiments are planned on heavy-fermion systems and one- dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnets. This research aims to clarify some of the puzzles surrounding the quantum-mechanical properties of bulk matter at temperatures close to absolute zero.