Doctoral Dissertation Research Proposal in Studies in Science, Technology and Society Program

论文学生，Sara Tjossem；题目：《挑战边界：雷切尔·卡森和生态环境主义》。美国生态学的发展包括通过研究生物的发育、适应和分布等生物过程来确定其对植物学和动物学等领域的影响范围。在整个生态学领域的发展过程中，美国生态学会通过其期刊和科学会议提升了其作为科学学科的地位。然而，对于一个以如此不同的培训吸引了科学家的社会来说，聚焦是困难的。出现了关于生态问题的适当方向和范围的问题，例如环境问题在研究中的位置。这种学科界限的划分区分了纯粹研究和应用研究。雷切尔·卡森在她的著作《寂静的春天》中强调了通过篡夺生态科学领域的权威来界定边界的问题。卡森普及了生态概念，并敦促将伦理学纳入科学。她在唤醒公众认识过度使用杀虫剂的危险方面发挥了重要作用，但生态学家对她的反应褒贬不一。卡森从来不是美国主流生态的一部分，但她通过引起公众对其实践的关注来影响了它的定义。Tjossem女士正在研究卡森影响生态科学整个过程的过程。

Dissertation student, Sara Tjossem; topic: "Defying Boundaries: Rachel Carson and Ecological Environmentalism." The development of American ecology involved defining the scope of its influence on fields such as botany and zoology by studying biological processes like the development, adaptation and distribution of organisms. Throughout the development of the field of ecology, the Ecological Society of America promoted its status as a scientific discipline through its journals and scientific meetings. There were difficulties in focus, however, for a society that attracted scientists with such disparate training. Questions arose about the proper direction and scope of ecological questions, such as the place of environmental concerns in research. This drawing of disciplinary boundaries drew distinctions between pure and applied research. Rachel Carson highlighted the problems of defining boundaries by usurping the authority of the scientific field of ecology with her book Silent Spring. Carson popularized ecological concepts and urged the inclusion of ethics in science. She was instrumental in awakening the public to the dangers of excessive pesticide use, yet her reception by ecologists was mixed. Carson was never part of mainstream American ecology and yet she affected its definition by drawing public attention to its practice. Ms. Tjossem is examining the process by which Carson affected the whole course of the science of ecology.