U.S.-Hungary Joint Fund Research: Convection Induced by Chemical Waves

这项美国-匈牙利联合基金的研究“对流引起的 化学波”将由来自的乔治·巴扎博士主持 科苏特科学大学与约翰·A· 南密西西比大学的Pojman说。 自催化 反应（其中产物增加其自身的速率） 生产）可以在未搅拌的溶液中繁殖。 反应可以 通过释放热量来改变溶液的密度（降低溶液的粘度）。 密度）和通过改变溶液的组成（或者 增加或减少密度）。 在重力的影响下 所产生的密度梯度可导致流体运动，或自然的 对流 对流对锋面速率的影响 在铁-硝酸系统中的传播已被证明表现出 令人困惑的依赖于管的方向和初始 浓度的 对流的机制尚不清楚。 除了提出关于化学相互作用的基本问题之外， 和流体力学，这项工作可能有助于理解化学 其他领域的诱导对流，如定向凝固 和湿法化学蚀刻。 这项研究将衡量 移动锋中的浓度梯度和温度梯度 使用视频成像技术来测试机械装置 提出的对流已被观察到，而且往往， 仅从传播测量推断。 化学 诱导对流系统提供了深入了解自然对流， 小集装箱 流体流动的取向依赖性 相对于重力矢量的关系， 在太空中进行处理，那里的重力降低，但 难以控制容器相对于 引力向量的关系 这项化学研究实现了以下计划目标： 通过让美国的顶尖专家 与匈牙利联合收割机互补的人才和集中研究 在共同感兴趣和有能力的领域提供资源。

This US-Hungary Joint Fund research on "Convection Induced by Chemical Waves" will be conducted by Dr. George Bazsa of Kossuth Science University in cooperation with Dr. John A. Pojman of the University of Southern Mississippi. Autocatalytic reactions (in which the products increase the rate of their own production) can propagate in unstirred solutions. The reactions can alter the density of the solution by releasing heat (decrease the density) and by changing the composition of the solution (either increase or decrease the density). Under the influence of gravity the resulting density gradients can result in fluid motion, or natural convection. The effect of convection on the rate of front propagation in the iron-nitric acid system has been shown to exhibit puzzling dependence on the orientation of the tube and the initial concentrations. The mechanism of the convection is still not clear. Besides raising basic questions about the interactions of chemistry and hydrodynamics, this work may aid in understanding chemically induced convection in other areas such as directional solidification and wet chemical etching. This study will measure the concentration gradients and thermal gradients in traveling fronts using video imaging technology in order to test mechanisms proposed for the convection which has been observed, and often, only inferred from measurements of propagation. Chemically induced convection systems offer insight into natural convection in small containers. The orientation dependence of fluid flow with respect to the gravitational vector is especially relevant to materials processing in space, where there is reduced gravity but greater difficulty in controlling the orientation of the container with respect to the gravitational vector. This research in chemistry fulfills the program objective of advancing science by enabling leading experts in the United States and Hungary to combine complementary talents and pool research resources in areas of strong mutual interest and competence.