Multi-scale Analysis of the Biogeography, Ecology, and Genetic Structure of Sand Pine in Florida

小帕克9313704 许多地理学家、生态学家、种群生物学家和其他科学家已经认识到，规模是他们研究中需要考虑的一个重要因素。 层次理论强调，需要评估更广泛的空间尺度固有的区域环境历史的背景下，生态和遗传的相互作用发生在更精细的分辨率尺度。 为了确定区域的干扰和再生过程如何与空间格局，年龄结构和相关物种的遗传组成，本项目将研究两种类型的沙松（松克劳萨）在佛罗里达。 奥卡拉沙松出现在佛罗里达半岛，而乔克托瓦奇沙松则出现在佛罗里达狭长地带。 这两个物种都存在于沿海和内陆地区，在那里它们占据了相似的环境，但它们的林分相隔100多公里。 该项目将分两个阶段进行。 第一项工作将包括收集关于样本树木直径和年轮结构的材料和数据，以及18个代表性地点的土壤、树叶和其他环境数据。 这些信息将通过详细的等位酶分析进行评估，以确定奥卡拉和乔克托瓦奇沙松之间的遗传和生态变异。 在研究的第二阶段，将详细绘制四、五个代表性林分的人口和遗传结构图。 这张地图将允许评估环境和干扰历史对每种沙松的影响。 从事该项目的经验丰富的地理学家和种群生物学家团队特别关注的是，不同树木的分散程度与干扰尺度的差异有关（例如局部林冠火灾与飓风造成的广泛风害）。 注意力还集中在这些差异与种群内遗传结构的更细尺度变化有关的程度上。 这种集中的案例研究之间的变化佛罗里达沙松的两个物种将提供有价值的测试有关的假设更广泛的主题。 本研究的结果不仅为第四纪海平面变化对物种隔离和遗传分化的可能影响提供了新的见解，而且还将揭示立地特征、干扰生态学和植被遗传结构之间的多尺度关系。 ***

9313704 PARKER Many biogeographers, ecologists, population biologists, and other scientists have recognized that scale is an important factor to be considered in their research. Hierarchy theory has highlighted the need to evaluate the broader spatial scales inherent in regional environmental histories as a context within which ecological and genetic interactions occur at finer scales of resolution. In order to identify how regional processes of disturbance and regeneration relate to spatial patterns, age structures, and genetic composition of related species, this project will examine two types of sand pine (Pinus clausa) in Florida. Ocala sand pine occurs in peninsular Florida, while Choctawhatchee sand pine is present in the Florida panhandle. Both species exist in both coastal and inland locations, where they occupy similar environments, but their stands are separated by more than 100 km. The project will be conducted in two phases. The first will consist of collection of materials and data on the diameter and tree-ring structure of sample trees as well as soil, foliage, and other environmental data for 18 representative sites. This information will be evaluated through detailed allozyme analyses to determine genetic and ecological variations between Ocala and Choctawhatchee sand pine. During a second phase of research, the demographic and genetic structure of four or five representative stands will be mapped in detail. This mapping will permit assessment of the ways that environmental and disturbance histories have affected each kind of sand pine. Of particular concern to the experienced team of geographers and population biologists undertaking this project is degree to which the dispersion of different trees are related to differences in the scales of disturbance (such as localized canopy fires vs. wide-spread wind damage from hurricanes). Attention also focuses on the extent to which these differences are related to finer-scale variations in g enetic structures within populations. This focused case study of variations among two species of Florida sand pine will provide valuable tests of hypotheses related to a broader range of topics. In addition to providing new insights regarding the possible impacts of Quaternary sea- level change on the isolation and genetic differentiation of species, the results of this research will shed light on multi- scale relationships among site characteristics, disturbance ecology, and the genetic structure of vegetation. ***