Phonetic Structures of Endangered Languages

小行星9319705 摘要 许多语言的生存受到威胁，因为讲这种语言的人逐渐消失或被更大的社区吸收。很快，我们将不再知道这些语言听起来像什么，或者他们的发言者使用了什么发音手势。它们的消失将导致未来语言调查的数据永久丢失。按照以前的研究中建立的模式，我们将调查濒危语言，从语言学的角度来看是重要的。 该项目的另一个主要方面是，它使用一套基本语音措施以量化形式提供标准化描述，旨在描述具体和普遍的语音特征。实地工作将应已从事相关语言工作的语言学家的邀请进行。 在许多情况下，这些语言学家缺乏足够的语音专业知识或现场经验，无法单独完成这项工作，但他们渴望合作，以产生良好的语音描述。 主要的语音和音系模式将被识别，并在专门准备的材料中加以说明，沿着补充材料说明共发音和其他语音现象。我们将进行音频和生理记录，包括气流机制的空气动力学记录和发音手势的时间，以及发音接触的腭部记录。录音将在加州大学洛杉矶分校语音实验室进行分析。将出版每种语言的充分说明和记录的帐户，以便这些濒危语言中涉及的声音和发音姿势的知识将继续为未来的研究人员提供，并可以形成语音和音韵学普遍性理论的制定投入的一部分。 ***

9319705 Ladefoged ABSTRACT The survival of many languages is endangered as the speakers die out or are absorbed into larger communities. Soon we will no longer know what these languages sounded like, or what articulatory gestures their speakers used. Their disappearance will result in permanent loss of data for future linguistic investigations. Following a pattern established during previous research we will investigate endangered languages that are important from the linguistic point of view. Another major aspect of this project is that it provides standardized descriptions in quantified form using a set of basic phonetic measures, designed to characterize both specific and universal phonetic features. Fieldwork will be conducted in response to invitations from linguists already working on appropriate languages. In many cases such linguists lack sufficient phonetic expertise or field experiences to do the job alone, but are eager to cooperate in producing a good phonetic description. The principal phonetic and phonological patterns will be identified and illustrated in specially prepared material, along with supplementary material illustrating coarticulatory and other phonetic phenomena. We will make both audio and physiological recordings including aerodynamic records for airstream mechanisms and the timing of articulatory gestures, and palatographic records for articulatory contacts. Audio recordings will be analyzed in the UCLA Phonetics Laboratory. Fully illustrated and documented accounts of each language will be published so that the knowledge of the sounds and articulatory gestures involved in these endangered languages will remain available for future researchers and can form part of the input to the formulation of theories of phonetic and phonological universals. ***