The Influence of Scavenging by Precipitation on Radiatively Important Aerosols and Optical Properties of the Troposphere

最近的模拟研究表明，人为和自然气溶胶通过直接（辐射吸收和散射）和间接（云反照率、频率和程度）影响气候。清除和通过降水清除是辐射上重要的气溶胶的主要汇。为了建立气溶胶对气候影响的预测能力，必须量化非海盐（nns） SO4 =、黑碳和矿物气溶胶的沉积通量，以及它们对被清除空气包光学特性的相应影响。作为大气/海洋化学实验（AEROCE）第三阶段主题2的一部分，弗吉尼亚大学测量了百慕大和巴巴多斯降水的化学成分；2)测量两个站点被降水清除的不溶性气溶胶的光学消光系数作为波长的函数；3)量化降水的清除和去除对北大西洋西部气溶胶负荷和相关的S、N、C和矿物气溶胶辐射特性的影响；4)提供降水化学成分的数据，以评估和完善AEROCE提出的大气模式计算，并作为该计划的辅助研究。

9414293 Galloway Recent modeling studies indicate that anthropogenic and natural aerosols impact climate through direct (radiation absorption and scattering) and indirect (cloud albedo, frequency, and extent) effects. Scavenging and removal by precipitation are the principal sinks for radiatively important aerosols. To develop a predictive capability for the influence of aerosols on climate, the deposition flux of non-sea salt (nns) SO4 =, black carbon, and mineral aerosol, and the corresponding influences on optical characteristics of the scavenged air parcel must be quantified over space and time. As part of Theme 2 of the Atmosphere/Ocean Chemistry Experiment (AEROCE), Phase III, the University of Virginia 1) measure the chemical composition of precipitation at Bermuda and Barbados; 2) measure, as a function of wavelength, the optical extinction coefficient for insoluble aerosol scavenged by precipitation at the two site; 3) quantify the influence of scavenging and removal by precipitation on the aerosol burden and associated radiative properties of S, N, C, and mineral aerosol over the western North Atlantic Ocean; and 4) provide data for the chemical composition of precipitation to evaluate and refine atmospheric model calculations proposed under AEROCE and as ancillary studies to the program.