Proposal for support of Nuclear Physics Research

9421500克莱恩：研究低能重离子的核结构和反应，相对论重离子物理探索夸克-胶子的自由度。低能实验将集中研究旋转和振动的集体激发，变形和超变形核的性质，以及在高角动量下控制系统行为的配对相互作用的作用和性质。一些测量将使用新的高倍数伽马射线探测器Gammasphere。其他实验将继续寻找最重核（铀和铀）低能碰撞时发射的电子和正电子光谱中的异常衰减线，这将是超越传统和目前所理解的核和电动力学过程的物理学标志。此外，一项新的探测器开发计划将启动，旨在探索在RHIC加速器上相对论重离子碰撞中夸克-胶子等离子体的产生。这个和相关的实验将测试我们对受限夸克被解放的条件的理解，以及这些夸克和胶子如何相互作用形成强子。所有这些活动都是当前核物理学界高度关注的科学问题。发展和建造最先进的探测器是这项活动的组成部分。研究生和博士后的教育是罗彻斯特大学核物理小组的重要组成部分。＊＊＊

9421500 Cline Research will be carried out in nuclear structure and reactions using low energy heavy ions, and in relativistic heavy ion physics exploring quark-gluon degrees of freedom. The low energy experiments will focus on studies of rotational and vibrational collective excitations, properties of deformed and superdeformed nuclei, and the role and nature of the pairing interaction which controls the behavior of systems at high angular momentum. Use will be made of the new high-multiplicity gamma ray detector, Gammasphere, for some of the measurements. Other experiments will continue the search for anomalous decay lines in the spectra of electrons and positrons emitted during low energy collisions of the heaviest nuclei (uranium plus uranium), which would be a signature for physics beyond conventional and currently understood nuclear and electrodynamical processes. In addition, a new program of detector development will be started aimed at exploring the production of a quark-gluon plasma in relativistic heavy ion collisions at the RHIC accelerator. This and related experiments will test our understanding of the conditions under which confined quarks are liberated and how these quarks and gluons interact to form hadrons. All these activities are of high, current scientific interest within the nuclear physics community. Development and construction of state-of-the-art detectors is integral to this activity. Education of graduate students and postdocs is a strong component of this grant to the University of Rochester Nuclear Physics Group. ***