Boundary-Layer Dynamics and Cloud-Radiative Studies in SHEBA: Development of an Atmospheric Lidar and a Wind Profiler

9503654 Fairall研究由该补助金支持，是在北极系统科学（ARCSS）全球变化研究计划的主持下，由海洋科学司和极地计划办公室联合赞助。即将开展的工作是一个名为SHEBA的五年期重大研究项目的初步步骤，该项目旨在研究北冰洋的热量收支及其对全球变化的影响。SHEBA的主要目标是：（1）开发、测试和实施北极海洋-大气-冰过程模型，这些模型利用大气环流模型明显改进对当今北极气候包括其变化的模拟，（2）改进对北极卫星遥感数据的解释，以分析北极气候系统，并为模型输入提供可靠的数据，模型验证和气候监测。这项工作将开发，建造和准备部署两个新的仪器，这些仪器将专门用于SHEBA主要冰营地的自主操作。这两个系统是：一个风廓线仪，用于连续提供2.5公里高度的风和温度廓线;一个激光雷达，用于云和浮质监测，将测量光学深度并提供冰/水的确定。这些仪器的设计将优化北极条件下的性能。该仪器将有助于解决SHEBA的一个确定的关键问题，即海洋北极云辐射反馈机制。

9503654 Fairall Research supported by this grant is under the auspices of the Arctic Systems Science (ARCSS) Global Change Research Program and is jointly sponsored by the Division of Ocean Sciences and the Office of Polar Programs. Work to be performed represents preliminary steps towards a major 5-year research project named SHEBA, which is envisioned to study the heat budget of the Arctic Ocean and its impact on global change. The primary goals of SHEBA are: (1) to develop, test and implement models of arctic ocean-atmosphere-ice processes that demonstrably improve simulations of the present day arctic climate, including its variability, using General Circulation Models (GCMs), and (2) to improve the interpretation of satellite remote sensing data in the Arctic for analysis of the arctic climate system and provide reliable data for model input, model validation and climate monitoring. This work will develop, construct, and prepare for deployment two new instruments that will be built specifically for autonomous operation at the main SHEBA ice camp. These are a wind profiler to provide wind and temperature profiles continuously to 2.5 km altitude; and a lidar for cloud and aerosol monitoring which will measure optical depth and provide ice/water determinations. The instruments will be designed to optimize performance under Arctic conditions. This instrumentation will be useful in addressing an identified critical issue of SHEBA, the sea arctic cloud- radiation feedback mechanism.